Criticism of Sequences of Hero’s Functions in Propp’s Theory of Morphology (Based on the morphology of three stories in Shahnameh)

Document Type : Research Paper

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Abstract

Based on morphology of three stories in Shahnameh, the present paper attempts to make a critical analysis of “sequences of hero’s functions” in Propp’s theory of morphology. To this end, three stories in Shahnameh are first investigated from a morphological perspective. The hero’s functions are the same and seem to have identical structures in these stories; however, there are differences in their variable elements. After analyzing the similarities and differences, it is concluded that stories don’t fit into one category based on function per se, and that the effect of some variable elements too must be considered in classification of stories. This is so because, although the hero’s functions (departure, love, test, wedding, return) are limited and the same in these stories, some other variable elements such as social environment, hero’s identity and protagonist have influenced the sequence of these functions.

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