Research Paper
Abstract
The history of Jahangoshaie Juwayni is a work that has been written in the form of technical prose in the seventh century AH. Historically, this work is considered to be one of the most important works of the Mogul period, and its writer, with a detailed description of the situation of the Mogul era ...
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The history of Jahangoshaie Juwayni is a work that has been written in the form of technical prose in the seventh century AH. Historically, this work is considered to be one of the most important works of the Mogul period, and its writer, with a detailed description of the situation of the Mogul era and the time it coincided with it, should not be viewed merely from the historical point of view, Because the author, in addition to expressing history, shows the emotions and emotions of the events and persons mentioned in the text. In fact, in general, the expression of destruction, killing, crimes and social disorderly circumstances is full of anger, hatred, grief that prompts him to react to events or individuals; reactions that occur in different species Encyclopedia such as mourning, mourning, hedgehog, or hangover has emerged and has provided a groundwork for the author, with the help of the element of description, to devour his emotions and pomp and to give his various poetic reasons. Regarding this issue, in this article, it has been tried to describe different species of lyric in this work by mentioning various evidences, analyzing and study each of these species and addressing the author's emotional reactions to people, places and phenomena And mainly unfortunate and criminal accidents.
Research Paper
Zahra gheyasi; ahmad kazerooni
Abstract
In the educational works, the motivational function of the word is individualized and, therefore, the audience is important. The stimulatory or motivational role of language is the role of the audience, and more than anything else, it seeks to convey the thought implied in the text to the audience. Each ...
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In the educational works, the motivational function of the word is individualized and, therefore, the audience is important. The stimulatory or motivational role of language is the role of the audience, and more than anything else, it seeks to convey the thought implied in the text to the audience. Each writer uses specific methods to stimulate the audience and instill ideas with respect to the idea and purpose of expressing an issue. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, studies the expressions of the provocative role of language in the speeches of Malakal Shaeri Bahr and seeks to answer this question. What is the effect of the increasing role of the stimulating role of language in the teaching-promotional discourse of spring poetry in the way of using linguistic and expression elements? The findings of the research show that the manifestations of this role can be studied in two different levels of "language" and "image" in the poems of Malakal-Sharai Bahar. At the level of language, the frequent frequency of verbs of command and prohibition, types of repetitions, pseudo-imperatives, action verbs, calligraphy, types of treasures and palaces and exceptions, emphasizing the word, meaningful displacement of syntactic components of abyss, and the presentation and delay of vocabulary are the most used. On the image level Also, "allegorical and epic images" have been used to illustrate this role. The community studied in this research is the post-spring postwar period, the content of most of which is social content.
Research Paper
mehrdad alizade shaarbaf; mahmood fotoohi rudmaajani; hasan zolfaghari
Abstract
In this study, It was examined that the story in the Safavid era, for whatever reason, has grown in quality and quantity over any period in the history of literature. To this end, the tales of the Safavid era were studied. The results of this study show that the reason for the story's growth in this ...
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In this study, It was examined that the story in the Safavid era, for whatever reason, has grown in quality and quantity over any period in the history of literature. To this end, the tales of the Safavid era were studied. The results of this study show that the reason for the story's growth in this age was the political and social function of the story. The political significance of the story in this era is the consolidation and development of the ideological foundations of government, which are as follows: "Shiiee structures in the stories of the era; conversion of the opposition to the Shiiee religion" and "Integration of the national hero into a religious hero": Imam-Pahlavan Is. From a social point of view, storytelling has also been popular among the masses during this period, and storytellers have committed themselves, albeit eagerly, to the story, in storytelling venues, especially qahve khane. The combination of these two social and political factors has made Naqqal, had position of malek alshoara and sometimes a higher status and has also made the story important and pioneering over other literary genres during this period.
Research Paper
Mohammad Ali GAHANI GHADI; reza fahimi; AbasAli Vafaii; Male Mohammad Farokhzad
Abstract
The influence of theology and kalami thought in Persian literature is an undeniable problem, so that the majority of Kalami subjects can be observed in mystical works. In the present study, we consider verbal scopes of Attar in masnavi, including discussions about verbal theism and belief in behavioral ...
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The influence of theology and kalami thought in Persian literature is an undeniable problem, so that the majority of Kalami subjects can be observed in mystical works. In the present study, we consider verbal scopes of Attar in masnavi, including discussions about verbal theism and belief in behavioral determinism and wisdom dysfunction in conception of wisdom and wellness and badness of quotation, absolute purity and divine grace which is the most important verbal concept of Attar in masnavi. But it must be mentioned that Attar didn't accept all poets' thoughts absolutely. In the other words, his view incorporated Gnostic perspectives and verbal theories. Attar theism ground is believing in beloved, lovable and kind god which most of poets knew his wrathful and unmerciful features that what he does is the mere justice.in general, we can say that although Attar in many perspectives had the same views with other poets, in many cases different thoughts observed in his works such as Mathnavi.
Research Paper
sara parsaei jahromi; dorreh dadjooy tavakoli; Mohamad Ali Gozashti; shirin koshki
Abstract
Mehdi Akhavan Sales is a famous contemporary poet who has experimented with various forms of poetry. his idealistic and narcissistic personality, has special and worthy dimensions. The research answers the question of whether narcissism has had a significant effect on the quality and quantity of the ...
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Mehdi Akhavan Sales is a famous contemporary poet who has experimented with various forms of poetry. his idealistic and narcissistic personality, has special and worthy dimensions. The research answers the question of whether narcissism has had a significant effect on the quality and quantity of the Akhavan's illustrations? In the present article, the psychological reasons for composing his narcissistic poems were investigated. The Akhavan's thirst for approval, reaching an ideal society, staying away from the manifestations of the modern world, and uniting with mythical characters who are the normal and abnormal branches of narcissism, back to the hallmarks of his personal life. The research method is descriptive and analytical. According to the research results, various levels of narcissism such as boastfulness, arrogance, praise of artistic status, bohemianism thoughts, etc., have played a significant role in promoting the quality and quantity of artistic aspects of M. Omid's themes and literary images; In a way, if we remove or reduce these innovations, a large part of the content of his works will be lost and will naturally affect some of the concepts of contemporary literature.
Research Paper
mahdi Mohabbati; Amir Momeni Hezaveh; gorban valayi
Abstract
From Nezami's point of view, speech and poetry are not only a means of dialogue and Beauty creation , but a place beyond the Creation system. Therefore, in addition to creating outstanding literary works from an aesthetic point of view, he always seeks out the important issues of ontology and the teaching ...
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From Nezami's point of view, speech and poetry are not only a means of dialogue and Beauty creation , but a place beyond the Creation system. Therefore, in addition to creating outstanding literary works from an aesthetic point of view, he always seeks out the important issues of ontology and the teaching of the fundamentals of thinking about the system of being and its existential levels. In this system of thought, poet, poetry and Say poetry are an important part of being in the two areas of creation and continuation of the Purpose of the Prophets in terms of awareness and serving the sacred things and in the framework of the Supreme Creation system are among the most important. The main purpose of the present essay is to explain the relationship between Nezami's theological views and his literary views. Therefore, firstly, the theological view of the Nezami is in two axes of the creator and the way of creation and hierarchy of existence, in this way, and in the third stage, the position of poetry and poet in the system of being and the importance and purpose of the poet and poet's mission in This intellectual system is explained and the theological-literary viewpoint of the Nezami is explained on this basis.
Research Paper
meysam khalili; kiomars rajabi; saber rashidi
Abstract
In the contemporary era, with the evolution of the storytelling industry in the West and the emergence of new literary formats, such as short stories and modernist novels, many writers have entered the field of fiction and in their writings reflect religious events, including Ashura. Have paid. In the ...
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In the contemporary era, with the evolution of the storytelling industry in the West and the emergence of new literary formats, such as short stories and modernist novels, many writers have entered the field of fiction and in their writings reflect religious events, including Ashura. Have paid. In the meantime, however, there are writers influenced by Western culture who have risen up against the values of the Islamic religion and the original Ba'athists of the Shiite school and fought with religious ideas. Just as others have become part of religious sanctities without intention, but simply because of ignorance and disregard for religious concepts and ideas. Accordingly, the issue of Ashura and Hosseini's uprising has not escaped the scrutiny of some contemporary writers in the field of fiction. In this article, which is organized using critical methods and using library resources, examples of distorted approaches and inappropriate attacks on the category of Ashura and the uprising of Hosseini (AS) in contemporary fiction by looking at the works of Sadegh Hedayat and Mahmoud Dolat A village belonging to two different generations has been studied. Looking at the mentioned works, it is clear that unfair judgment about the characters and awkward entry into the story scenes, negative observation, distortion of historical events, as well as insulting the beliefs and cultural values of Iran's religious fabric, including major The most deceptive tricks of the Ashura event are in the works of the aforementioned. Enumerating
Research Paper
AFSANEH SAADATI; mohsen mohamadi
Abstract
“Review of therapeutic motifs in Mathnawi narratives” This study is related to those narratives of Mathnawi which contain therapeutic points. For this purpose, the authors discovered the therapeutic and medical motifs from all Mathnawi narratives. These statements are like a medic's prescription, ...
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“Review of therapeutic motifs in Mathnawi narratives” This study is related to those narratives of Mathnawi which contain therapeutic points. For this purpose, the authors discovered the therapeutic and medical motifs from all Mathnawi narratives. These statements are like a medic's prescription, regardless of the narrator's name. This study showed that Rumi was familiar with medical concepts and used therapeutic propositions to induce meaning. This study showed that Rumi was familiar with medical concepts and used therapeutic propositions to induce meaning. The poet has emerged as a physician among the stories of Mathnawi. He describes physical illnesses, especially mental illnesses, and ways to treat them. The main therapeutic topics discussed in Mathnawi are related to temperament, pulmonology, and herbal medicine and treatment methods. In many narratives, the main character is involved in a physical or mental illness that has been improved by a physical or spiritual physician. Keywords: Physical and mental diseases, Spiritual mathnawi, Jalaluddin rumi, Medical motif.
Research Paper
Leila mokhtariniya; farzaneh yusefghanbari; ali zahed
Abstract
One of the motifs in Iranian epic stories is the presence of mythological heroes and characters. Water goddesses and other goddesses are mythological figures that manifest in the form of well-known women in epics. Carefully examining the epic-heroic long story of Samak-e Ayyar, one can notice the function ...
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One of the motifs in Iranian epic stories is the presence of mythological heroes and characters. Water goddesses and other goddesses are mythological figures that manifest in the form of well-known women in epics. Carefully examining the epic-heroic long story of Samak-e Ayyar, one can notice the function of such a belief in a female character in the story using a descriptive/comparative-analytical method and by citing the works of mythologists like Mehrdad Bahar and reflection on mythological hidden layers of Samak-e Ayyar's epic prose. Themes like love, beauty, underground imprisonment, being sentenced to death, freedom at the expense of losing the first beloved and finally rising to power for the female character of this epic story indicate that Abandokht in regard to her mythological arches can be a symbol of goddesses like Ishtar Mianroudi and Anahita. Based on this hypothesis, the authors have tried to conclude that the influence of Mianrouds and their liability to be influenced in Iranian myths lead to the formation of common structures one of which is the appearance of the similarities between the above-mentioned mythological goddess and Abandokht in the story of Samak-e Ayyar.
Research Paper
Ziba Mosadegh Mehrjardi; Hadi Heydarinia; Azizallah Tavakoli kafiabad
Abstract
Abstract "Rhetorical question" with a variety of artistic meanings is one of the important and high frequency topics in eloquence which is also due to the importance of the subject had been noticed by grammar prescribers. Rumi has made considerable use of compositional sentences to convey mystical meanings ...
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Abstract "Rhetorical question" with a variety of artistic meanings is one of the important and high frequency topics in eloquence which is also due to the importance of the subject had been noticed by grammar prescribers. Rumi has made considerable use of compositional sentences to convey mystical meanings through attitude to quranic guidance method along with other eloquent methods. The foundation of the didactic poem of masnavi-ye-manavi is to guide audience to the unity of truth and denial of everything except Allah. The role of the eloquent functions of question is to deny this prominent productivity. In this article, the eloquent topic of rhetoric with its artistic meanings including, eternal negation, improbability, respect, humiliation, inability, wealth, despair, ridicule, assistance, regret, etc is examined and the importance of using interrogative to create this aesthetic motivation and the obvious difference between "rhetorical" and "confessional" question has been expressed. The results of the research show that most of the eloquent questions in the second book of masnavi-ye-manavi are about(61/9 percent) the kind of rhetorical question that (47percent) of them are useful for the artistic function of " eternal negation". This high frequency focuses on Rumi's transcendent view in the negation of souls. Also in this book, "confessional question" includes 8/5 percent of the secondary questions that with interrogative "whether" and "unless" and most of the time without question word, is written.
Research Paper
zeinab(Aram) Amozegar; Bahman Nozhat
Abstract
The philosophy program for children or Fabak known global reputation (p4c) to improve children's thinking was presented in 1962 by Lipman, who is professor at Columbia University. With regard to the components of philosophy for the child and the three literary, intellectual, and psychological competencies, ...
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The philosophy program for children or Fabak known global reputation (p4c) to improve children's thinking was presented in 1962 by Lipman, who is professor at Columbia University. With regard to the components of philosophy for the child and the three literary, intellectual, and psychological competencies, there can be found anecdotes in Persian literature in which at least one or two philosophical themes and concepts appropriate to indigenous culture have been used. Since, according to the objectives of the Philosophy Program for the Child, there must be selected anecdotes that are in line with the standards and principles of Fabak, the two books of Siyasat-Nameh written by Khajeh Nizam al-Molk Tousi and Qaboos-Nameh from Onsor al-Maali Keykavus can be a prominent example of Persian literature in this field. These two books are valuable Persian works, full of ethical concepts and educational teachings expressed in the story. By examining the stories, in line with the features of the Fabak stories, we find that most of the stories in the two books are both engaging and child-friendly in terms of processing as well as themes. In this essay, he has attempted to explain the philosophy program for the child according to the founder of the program, Lipman and others such as Philip Low, and to explain the characteristics of intellectual stories. Therefore, content analysis and deductive analysis have been used to do this and to explain the underlying data. Keywords: Ethics, Siyasat-Nameh, Qaboos-Nameh, philosophy for child, child, philosophical themes.
Research Paper
zahra amini shalamzarri; Mohammadreza Nasr esfahani; seyede maryam rozatian
Abstract
Critical discourse analysis is one of the effective theories for analyzing the hidden layers of language and discourse. One of the main components for expressing the discourse goals is power. Norman Fairclough is one of learned person who believes that power has an effect on social relations and discourse. ...
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Critical discourse analysis is one of the effective theories for analyzing the hidden layers of language and discourse. One of the main components for expressing the discourse goals is power. Norman Fairclough is one of learned person who believes that power has an effect on social relations and discourse. In this research, an attempt has been made to explain the power in Khosrow and Shirin systems using a three-dimensional model of Fairclough. The main hypothesis of this research is that Nezami in Khosrow and Shirin has created a discourse appropriate to the power and social status of each character. Analyzing the poems of Khosrow and Shirin, it became clear that the different uses of words, the use of linguistic and grammatical aspects, the differences in persuasive methods, the different views of the characters in the story, and the ambiguity in speech depend on the difference in unequal power in the poems of Khosrow and Shirin.
Research Paper
Sina Bashiri; Ghodatollah Taheri
Abstract
After the spread of rationalism and rationality in the Renaissance, the importance of the concepts of poetry and poeticism in various literary works decreased day by day and any irrationality and "madness" was confined within the sanatoriums. Desperate for the results of western rationalism, modern writers ...
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After the spread of rationalism and rationality in the Renaissance, the importance of the concepts of poetry and poeticism in various literary works decreased day by day and any irrationality and "madness" was confined within the sanatoriums. Desperate for the results of western rationalism, modern writers tended to look at the semantic, subjective, and non-figurative aspects of poetry in fiction in order to both confront the prevailing wisdom and represent the outcry of "madness" in the form of modern fiction. From the point of view of modern theorists, "poetry" in its new definition was generally associated with an interest in abstraction and irrationality and the rejection of common standards in literature. In this article, we have tried to show the concept of "poetry" and its relation to "madness" through the stylistic components of modern stories in the novel "Shazdeh-Ehtejab". Findings show that in Golshiri's novel "Shazdeh-Ehtejab", "poetry" through components such as anti-narrative, ambiguity, nonlinear timing and attention to the metaphorical construction of sentences and elements such as "madness" and "death", takes the narrative out of the ordinary and in addition to making the text and atmosphere of the story poetic, it creates a meaningful and protesting relationship with the negation of rationalism and attention to "madness" in the modern era.
Research Paper
roya rahimi; latifeh salamat bavil; ahmad khiali khatibi
Abstract
This research tries to answer the question in a descriptive-analytical way whether the patterns of female speech in the textual context of Shiva Aristotle's novels "Fear" and "Nina" correspond to the model of Robin Likoff (1975). Or are the patterns presented in these works in conflict with the pattern ...
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This research tries to answer the question in a descriptive-analytical way whether the patterns of female speech in the textual context of Shiva Aristotle's novels "Fear" and "Nina" correspond to the model of Robin Likoff (1975). Or are the patterns presented in these works in conflict with the pattern considered in the DSL approach? In this study, among the characteristics considered by Lycaf, the lexical level is emphasized and all 5 components of this level include "repeated use of skeptics or modifiers", "use of polite forms of language and avoidance of suffixes", "use of aggravating adverbs", " The use of "emotional attributes" and "the use of specific feminine words" are considered. With this aim, after classifying the research data and analyzing them, first an attempt was made to determine the writing style of Shiva Aristotle at the level of the speech of the female characters of these two novels and then to adapt it to the components considered by Lycaf. The findings show that Aristotle was very careful in choosing the language of the female characters in these two novels, and components such as age, social class, occupation, education, etc. in the style of women's speech of his stories are clearly visible and can be claimed. She is one of the most successful women novelists in this field. In addition, many of the components of the feminine style of speech in her stories are consistent with Robin Likoff. Components such as feminine vocabulary,
Research Paper
elham saadat; Eshagh Toghiani
Abstract
In Shahnameh there are characters that separate from the human context of the narrative and go to a higher level, sharing their common attributes and relationships, linking them to each other and to the body of the narrative. Understanding the concept of 'self' and 'other' gives rise to the struggle ...
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In Shahnameh there are characters that separate from the human context of the narrative and go to a higher level, sharing their common attributes and relationships, linking them to each other and to the body of the narrative. Understanding the concept of 'self' and 'other' gives rise to the struggle for the acquisition of the 'value object' in which the concept of the enemy and the superhero is formed. In this study, the structures of the imaginary system of Gilbert era were used to identify superheroes of Shahnameh. The basis of the structure of the imagination of the times is the fundamental binaries, poles of opposites, and semantic opposing pairs, and the meaning arises from the reciprocal relationship of these opposing pairs. Differences give rise to semantic implications, and poles are defined by their opposite. Given this system, the opposite pole and the semantic antagonistic pair of Divan in one body are Zahak and Afrasiab (who represents the Turan Corps against Iran from the time of the Crown Prince to the assassination) who are, in fact, the enemies of the Iranians. They are considered to be superheroes, Fereidun, Rostam, and Kaykhosrow, who play a central role in confronting and defeating the opposition. All of Iran's enemies, according to their characteristics, are essentially symbolic of drought and helplessness, and the superheroes are solar characters who must return to Iran with victory and rain.
Research Paper
Adel Meghdadian; Abolfazl Tajik
Abstract
In Islamic mysticism as well as in mystical literature, the concept of "safe position" is sometimes spoken of. This study seeks to investigate what a "safe position" is in mystical texts. In the path of the emergence of creation, everything that has been created has a secure position, which is what has ...
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In Islamic mysticism as well as in mystical literature, the concept of "safe position" is sometimes spoken of. This study seeks to investigate what a "safe position" is in mystical texts. In the path of the emergence of creation, everything that has been created has a secure position, which is what has been established for him at the same time as its constant and secret value. In the process of ascent, it is a position that if the seeker reaches it, he is no longer afraid of losing his spirits and being thrown out of the path of conduct and behavior. In this position, the seeker of God is safe on the shore and will be one of the light-bearers who is not afraid of his spirit being seized, let alone of worldly fear and sorrow. In religious texts, the term "safe place" and also under the title "Mahmoud place" refer to the "safe place" of Islamic mysticism. His "safe conduct" is in two parts. Each of the garlic houses has an expected level for each seeker who, when he reaches that level, reaches the safe position of that house and can enter the next house of Sirusluk. Sometimes mystics speak of a position within other houses and authorities, which they refer to as a "safe position." Reaching the level of "certainty" leads to reaching this safe position. A position that the seeker will never be disturbed by and will not have the fear and sorrow of leaving God.
Research Paper
Nahid Ashrafi; Ebrahim Ranjbar; Seyed Ahmad Parsa
Abstract
Abstract "Nefrin-e zamin" (The Cursing of the Land) is one of the important works of the social sciences in the1960s.The present study examines this book from the perspective of critical discourse analysis (CDA) based on the exclusion components in Van Leeuwen's model. The purpose of this study is to ...
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Abstract "Nefrin-e zamin" (The Cursing of the Land) is one of the important works of the social sciences in the1960s.The present study examines this book from the perspective of critical discourse analysis (CDA) based on the exclusion components in Van Leeuwen's model. The purpose of this study is to show how social and intellectual views are linked to discourse-based structures in fictional texts in order to highlight the importance of linguistic structures in creating social discourses and their relationship with power and domination. This survey has been studied using a descriptive-analytical method, based on socio-semantic categories in the representation of social actors and how to use different types of exclusion and its reasons in a total of 3600 expressive discourse phrases The results show that in this story, the author has tried to suppression the role of social actors with use special linguistic structures, including short sentences with different types of exclusion, the preferences of passive structures over active structures, and using infinitive structures and the use of adjectives, this has a direct connection with the social institutions and the author's community especially “institution of power and politics”. In the Nefrin-e zamin obvious the impact of political issues on the social, economic, and public institutions of that period and the author with his language choices and his style has explained the manifestations of modernity, social transitions and the imbalance of power in society.
Research Paper
Zahra Khoshamen; Akbar Shayanseresht
Abstract
Literary works are sometimes the result of the domestication and creativity that have occurred when transferring the text from the foreign semiotic system to the domestic system. Although Farokhzad's poem Believe in the Beginning of the Cold Season was inspired by Eliot's Wasteland, each of these two ...
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Literary works are sometimes the result of the domestication and creativity that have occurred when transferring the text from the foreign semiotic system to the domestic system. Although Farokhzad's poem Believe in the Beginning of the Cold Season was inspired by Eliot's Wasteland, each of these two literary works is unique in its own way. In spite of the fact that changes brought about by transferring a text to the target literary culture are more pronounced than domestication, the text undergoes changes in many aspects, including literary structure in order to conform to target audience. Moreover, by shifting, increasing and decreasing the constituent elements of the source text, the poet domesticates it according to the literary and cultural requirements of the Persian-speaking community. This study aims to explain domestication strategies when transferring the texts from meta-system (source text) to system (target text) according to Lotman's theory. Results show that these changes have substantially given a sense of indigenous and domestic literary identity to the Farokhzad's poetry and led to the phenomenal creativity.
Research Paper
jafar fasaei; faramarz khojasteh; seyyed ali seraj
Abstract
Studies on historical novels Due to not paying attention to the origin of the text and parallel discourses consider the historical novel as the nostalgic return of Iranian society to the myth of the Golden Age And they explain that with concepts like nationalism. this article has been done Based on Damgostran ...
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Studies on historical novels Due to not paying attention to the origin of the text and parallel discourses consider the historical novel as the nostalgic return of Iranian society to the myth of the Golden Age And they explain that with concepts like nationalism. this article has been done Based on Damgostran And by the method of qualitative content analysis in the context of the application of critical discourse analysis. So by analyzing Damgostaran in several levels has been presented Another reading of this genre. In this research, based on the above story, the central meanings of the work have been identified as an independent text And these meanings have been transferred to the original context in order to determine the originality of the meaning in that context. After tracing this meaning, We have referred to the history of writing the work. And the meaning has changed Has been studied In an intertextual relationship. Finally, the relationship between the text and the prevailing discourses is explained. The result of Damgostran's study is that This is not a conservative work. Rather, it belongs to the most radical discourses of the author's time. In this reading, a simple work and a "dead story With other components They create a discourse Which strongly protests against nineteenth-century capitalism.
Research Paper
Mahnoosh Jorak; Habibollah Abbasi
Abstract
Abstract: The flow of mystical poetry flourished after the emergence of prominent poets, especially Rumi and also after the Mongol invasion. One of the famous poets is Qasim Anwar, who was famous during his lifetime. The multiplicity of manuscripts available from his divan confirms this to some extent. ...
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Abstract: The flow of mystical poetry flourished after the emergence of prominent poets, especially Rumi and also after the Mongol invasion. One of the famous poets is Qasim Anwar, who was famous during his lifetime. The multiplicity of manuscripts available from his divan confirms this to some extent. In this article, we examined the Effectiveness of the poet's lyric poems from Shams Molavi's lyric poems in three levels of language, rhetoric and musical with descriptive and analytical methods and intertextual approach. And we concluded that the poetry of Qasim Anwar, under the influence of the literary tradition before him, is often devoid of poetic passion and resembles and similar to poetic scientific interpretation of mystical issues with the specific linguistic dictionary of Sufis, revolves more around imitation and repetition and devoid of creativity and initiative and his words and those of his contemporaries follow tradition. Keywords: mystical poetry, lyric poems of Qasem Anvar, lyric poems of Shams , intertextuality.
Research Paper
jafar fasaei; Ali Balaghi; masood doostparvar
Abstract
The dominant approaches in the study and critique of myths It is based on a default presupposing the neutrality of this discourse.Among these can be the transition from such perspectives And by removing myths from suspension and binding them to They gave power to the framework, received a new reader.In ...
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The dominant approaches in the study and critique of myths It is based on a default presupposing the neutrality of this discourse.Among these can be the transition from such perspectives And by removing myths from suspension and binding them to They gave power to the framework, received a new reader.In the present essay, the original myth of creation and its parallel mythology has been suspended Within the framework of a kind of power structure So the logic of the ruling in this process is explained and eventually the function of such a thing is dealt with Been paid. The results of receiving and explaining some of the selected works in the Greek / Persian tradition represent this issue.Whose narrative deals with the production and reproduction of the inherent thoughts belonging to the deterministic traditions The mythical systems of the logic of inherent nature Has built a logic of power and And protects it from invading humans.
Research Paper
farzad baloo
Abstract
Gadamer evaluates Nietzsche's perception of the horizon It is not possible to go beyond that. In the Masnavi, tales as discrepancies in the shape of the cell, the story of the johee and That child was monody before his father's Corpse, "are examples of the realization of the horizon in Nietzsche's notion ...
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Gadamer evaluates Nietzsche's perception of the horizon It is not possible to go beyond that. In the Masnavi, tales as discrepancies in the shape of the cell, the story of the johee and That child was monody before his father's Corpse, "are examples of the realization of the horizon in Nietzsche's notion of it. Because in these anecdotes, characters are subdued by their own limited horizons . Gadamer, in contrast to Nietzsche, considers the historical movement of human life to be the fact that human horizons are fluid and open. And varies according to different situations and circumstances Accordingly, Gadamer, in his philosophical hermeneutics, Knows the foundation of understanding as the interpreter's horizons and the horizons of the text.. The realization of such a concept is objectively and as an example in the story of of Mosa and the Shepherd in Masnavi. As at the beginning of the story, Mosa (the symbol of the Tanzieh) and the shepherd (the symbol of the Tashbih) are each on their horizon. But in the following, and with the dialogue between these two horizons, the horizon of the shepherd and the horizon of Mosa, we are faced with open horizons and a new hermeneutical situation. Which is the fusion of horizons of Tanziah and Tashbih in the Shepherd and Moses.
Research Paper
zeinab talaei; habib abbasi
Abstract
The reading of ancient Persian heritage, and especially historical narratives based on cognitive theories such as Text world theory is necessary, because new scientific approaches provide space for accurate identification and discover the hidden layers of texts. In this study, with the analytic-descriptive ...
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The reading of ancient Persian heritage, and especially historical narratives based on cognitive theories such as Text world theory is necessary, because new scientific approaches provide space for accurate identification and discover the hidden layers of texts. In this study, with the analytic-descriptive method, we applied the Text world theory in the analysis and study of the narrative construction of the first volume of the Tarikh Jahangooshay-e- Jowayni and figured out that the propositions related to Character descriptions are more than preposition related to scenes description also because the Deictic sub-worlds are less, so the reader does not travel much in the different, temporal and spatial spaces in a narrative, and thus does not experience and conceptualize the text worlds that differs from the original text world in terms of temporal and spatial variables. Temporal pointers are no more accurate than space pointers. The Attitudinal sub-worlds and epistemic sub-worlds are scarce, and one of the reasons for this is the narrator's unchanging viewpoint. Jowayni reports narrations more than characters.
Research Paper
mahmoud Ranjbar
Abstract
One of the methods of fictional literature critique is to examine the story's position on the basis of its narrative. Each fictional situation includes three aspects of "person, state, and vision." Investigating the features and analyzing the angle of vision and storytelling to understand how the narrator's ...
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One of the methods of fictional literature critique is to examine the story's position on the basis of its narrative. Each fictional situation includes three aspects of "person, state, and vision." Investigating the features and analyzing the angle of vision and storytelling to understand how the narrator's "time, spatial, and psychological" views function is one of the topics of interest to the narratologists. In this research, a descriptive-analytical method with a look at the three functions mentioned, including the aspect and focalization and the personal status of three short stories with the theme of war from the second collection of stories "Yusuf" has been analyzed. The purpose of this study is to first examine the quality of the process of perception and belief in the narrative practice with the narrative position element. In the second part, we have tried to show how the placement of materials and narratives makes the audience think of the narrator's viewpoint and position in his mind. This virtual partnership, with the trust of the audience to the narrator through the personal situation, makes it possible for the audience to arrange the sequence and sequence of the story events in order to understand the psychological pleasure of living to see and think about an act or event.
Research Paper
Hassan Heidarzadeh Sardrud
Abstract
Nasir Khusraw is one of the great and influential figures in the history, culture and literature of Iran. But because of his political and ideological activity in the dominant religion, some have sometimes deliberately ignored him, and beyond that, some have sometimes insulted him the worst. Nevertheless, ...
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Nasir Khusraw is one of the great and influential figures in the history, culture and literature of Iran. But because of his political and ideological activity in the dominant religion, some have sometimes deliberately ignored him, and beyond that, some have sometimes insulted him the worst. Nevertheless, the Iranians literary friend taste has always praised the eloquence of his poems, regardless to the religion of their poet, and some of those poems have been remembered and preserved over the centuries. This article intends to examine and analyze the extent and manner of his presence in the long-term written memory of Iranians by collecting any mention of Nasir Khusraw's name from the time after his life until the year 1000 AH. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method. According to the findings of this study, there are three different approaches to Nasir Khusraw in the texts: he is often referred to as ugly in the Islamic sectology texts. In some texts, regardless of ideological point of view, his poems are praised and his life is discussed; And the approach of some texts to his character is more mythical than real. The hostile mention of Nasir Khusraw's name has diminished since the military and propaganda activities of the Ismaili sect declined, and Nasir Khusrow's image has changed from a religious preacher to the Sufi that has miacles.
Research Paper
Fatemeh Hajzeinolabedin; kamel ahmadnejad; farideh mohseni hanjani; afsaneh lotfi azimi
Abstract
Analysis of the meaning and enthusiasm of life in Mathnawi Manavi (by Victor Frankel's theory) Abstract Maulana in Mathnawi seeks to motivate and enthusiasm of life with spirituality. He seeks to remove the barriers to the pursuit of spirituality in front of the seeker. Enduring suffering, ...
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Analysis of the meaning and enthusiasm of life in Mathnawi Manavi (by Victor Frankel's theory) Abstract Maulana in Mathnawi seeks to motivate and enthusiasm of life with spirituality. He seeks to remove the barriers to the pursuit of spirituality in front of the seeker. Enduring suffering, responsibility, true love and a firm belief in God are the fundamental foundations of spirituality. His mystical view is in line with Victor Frankel's school of semantic psychology. Therefore, in this study, the concept of meaning and enthusiasm for living in Mathnavi is analyzed by Frankel's theory. The research method is descriptive-analytical and library type. In this study the components of suffering ،tolerance ،responsibility، love and religiosity of Frankel's theory in Mathnavi Manavi have been explained and interpreted. The findings show that the meaning therapy and mysticism with the aim of life's passion can only happen with divine love and enduring the problems of this dangerous path and if there was any error or sin in it by relying on God, he returns to God and the way of truth. Keywords: Maulana, Masnavi Manavi, Mysticism, The meaning and enthusiasm of life, Victor Frankel, Logic Therapy.
Research Paper
mohiaddin amjadi; abdollah toloei azar
Abstract
Abstract: Different researches about Mysticism and Sufism usually take mystical and religious function of this subject into consideration. However mystical and abbatial subject have had different social, political and literary function further than religious function. This article by considering literary ...
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Abstract: Different researches about Mysticism and Sufism usually take mystical and religious function of this subject into consideration. However mystical and abbatial subject have had different social, political and literary function further than religious function. This article by considering literary application of Naqshbandieh mysticism wants to pay attention to another nonreligious and non Sufism function of this subject. For this reason we have taken Molana Khaled Naqshbandi's Persian written works and his effects in developing Persian language out of Iranian borders. This research ,firstly, in a descriptive and analytical way clarifies reason and backgrounds in which Molana Khaled uses Persian language in his letters and works. then he considers the publication domain of this letters to vast and different parts of Islamic world. Moreover, Molana Khaled addressees letter social status and their roles in developing and republication of this Persian written works in out of Iranian borders has been taken into account.
Research Paper
ebrahim yousofi; mohammad behnamfar; Seyed Mahdi Rahimi
Abstract
Stylistics Analyzing of Prepositions and their Meanings in Khaqani’s Qasidas Abstract The aim of the present study is the stylistic investigation of prepositions in Khaqani’s qasidas. Prepositions with their vast semantic range are among the influencing language constructs that give identity ...
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Stylistics Analyzing of Prepositions and their Meanings in Khaqani’s Qasidas Abstract The aim of the present study is the stylistic investigation of prepositions in Khaqani’s qasidas. Prepositions with their vast semantic range are among the influencing language constructs that give identity to other language elements including nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs. To deal with different meanings of prepositions in different constructs that is a kind of stylistic deconstruction and a stylistic feature are among the aims of the present study. To do so, the Khaqani’s qasidas were studied and the items that were considered as important and compatible in terms of usage and relevance to the topic under study were extracted and investigated according to layer stylistics. The results of the research indicate that Khaqani placed equal importance on prepositions compared to other language elements and took into account their vast semantic range. He also promoted their use from grammar level to rhetoric and transformed them from almost neutral elements to key and non-substitutable elements. Khaqani has also especial and unique liberty to use prepositions. Finally, there are rare ussages of prepositions in Khaqani’s Divan that are utilized in especial dialects of Iran, and are not found in Standard language anymore.
Research Paper
vahid mobarak
Abstract
The language, religion, art, tradition, politics and customs of a society and its individuals separate it from other societies and give them an independent identity. With this view, it will be a valuable work that can show the individual, collective and national aspects of people's identity and make ...
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The language, religion, art, tradition, politics and customs of a society and its individuals separate it from other societies and give them an independent identity. With this view, it will be a valuable work that can show the individual, collective and national aspects of people's identity and make them and others aware of the good and bad of their existence.With this view, it will be a valuable work that can show the individual, collective and national aspects of people's identity and make them and others aware of the good and bad of their existence. In the fifth century, the cornerstone of the need of Iranian people interrogating the identity of the township trampled by the Aniranians, but Beyhaghi, despite his sympathy with Ferdowsi in identifying identity, and in the face of his contemporary history's efforts, he represents the identity of Islamic-Iranian. This research, with a library study and a descriptive, analytical method has searched for identity in Beyhaghi history. Findings show that Bayhaqi loves her land and his art served as a causal expression of the weaknesses and failures of Masood Ghaznavi, although apparently he was a martyr. Due to the rule of Styla more than Platonist sovereignty, but, Beyhaghi's history, writing the signs of Islamic-Iranian identity in the context of language and art, it is in the form of the minister and secretary drawing on the circuit of divine will with wisdom, sentiment, promiscuity, courage, softness and tolerance, many of the abductions are pleasing to the Iranian art..
Research Paper
hamed shekufegi; mahdi Mohabbati; ghorban valie
Abstract
The study of Rumi's storytelling in the form of Masnavi has neglected the study of his narratives in other forms of poetry. In this article, through a descriptive-analytic method, we study the capacity of Rumi's storytelling in poems of Ghazal, Ru'ba'i and Stanza. We found that although Persian poets ...
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The study of Rumi's storytelling in the form of Masnavi has neglected the study of his narratives in other forms of poetry. In this article, through a descriptive-analytic method, we study the capacity of Rumi's storytelling in poems of Ghazal, Ru'ba'i and Stanza. We found that although Persian poets had the most constraints in the field of poetry, a creative poet like Rumi could have been in the same number of Persian poems, depending on the circumstances in which the narrative was viewed as a whole, to formulate the narrative from an artistic form appropriate to Get help. On this basis, he chose the ghazal to represent the events that were followed by the emotional effects of his emotional revelations. With a cohesive, unique structure, he has adapted his wisdom and mystical wisdom. From the narrative of his storytelling in the form of Stanza that consists of 17 Stanza of his poem, 15 pieces in the expression of the narrative stories, the unity of the theme in these pieces, is the cause of unity in the totality of his spiritual experiences. Therefore, the specific structure and style of his stories has revealed the manner in which these stories appeared in particular story forms. Also, in comparison to 2.84%, his storytelling is in a ghazal, while he has 10.27% of the quatrains and 7.05% of the story, and this shows that after the Masnavi, Maulana has said more than any figure in the Ru'ba'i.
Research Paper
mansoureh barzegar; Naser Mohseni nia; Reza Chehraghani
Abstract
The present article examines the concept of "Wilayat" in the works of Iraqi and al-Nabulsi, as one of the important elements of Islamic mysticism and Sufism, and the purpose of comparison their votes is to express their similarities and differences. The result of this comparative study is the concept ...
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The present article examines the concept of "Wilayat" in the works of Iraqi and al-Nabulsi, as one of the important elements of Islamic mysticism and Sufism, and the purpose of comparison their votes is to express their similarities and differences. The result of this comparative study is the concept of Wilayat in Iraqi and Nablusi works, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method, expresses this main resemblance that in Iraqi and Nablusi thought, "Wali/Vali" means two real "al-Insān al-Kāmil" and "Pir" who have attained the rank of Fana, the status of a lover and intuition. From this point of view, it can be said that in Nablusi and Iraqi thought, the Wilayat is more focused on the ideas of ibn Arabi and this intellectual commonality of theirs is, above all, the result of the description of Ibn Arabi's works, especially Fusus al-Hakam by them But the most important difference between the two mentioned, and their dynasty in the concept in question, is that in the Iraqi and Suhrawardi works, the wilayat is "Wahhabi" by God, and in Nablusi's and Naqshbandi's thought, it has an "acquired" aspect. From this perspective, Iraqis and Suhrawardis believe that for the Wilayat, divine care must be taken; also it will be from the charter of Khatam al-Anbiya. But in Nablusi's and Naqshbandiyya's thought, first of all, anyone can reach the position of Wilayat, and secondly, special Wilayat is the result of the immediate manifestation of the God's Wilayat after the realization of individual annihilation.
Research Paper
Samaneh Al-Sadat Aghadadi; sayyed ali asghar mirbagherifard; Tahereh Khoshhal Dastjerdi
Abstract
Although it is supposed that Moulana and Shams are in all consensuses, contemplation in their slants shows their disagreement in some subordination. One diverse is their slants about mystical state and its different dimension which causes this disagreement and its reply is because of preference of mystical ...
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Although it is supposed that Moulana and Shams are in all consensuses, contemplation in their slants shows their disagreement in some subordination. One diverse is their slants about mystical state and its different dimension which causes this disagreement and its reply is because of preference of mystical inebriation to observation by mystical pattern of each mystic. Moulana's slant is like Bayazid. Hence, the ecstasy of mystics in inebriation’s step is a symbol of being faithful and joining to God, namely, mystic with obligatory quiescent and motionless surprise God until God uses tongue for satisfying statement. But Shams like Jonaid's mystical pattern believes that mystic state does not have any meaning but metempsychosis, arrogance, disability and inconsistency, achieving God knowing reality of religion in observation level, founded beyond quartet steps of inebriation. Also, because of new feelings of this research quality of relation between obligation and authorization with mystical state are their idea. In Moulana's slant mystics are despots optionally asked God to make them compulsive and mortal in it. So, they did not accept any action and statement to themselves considering God the teller also the doer of all deeds. But for Shams mystics inebriate because they are just symbol of God's bless, they have not achieved any dominant on states, stability and observant authorization also they faced determinism plus misguidance, but, observant are authorities can dominant on their states because of achieving traits of God's wrath and kindness deserving to get position of headship, typical for people of observant.
Research Paper
mahin omidian; Abdullah toloeiazar
Abstract
According to Jung, the process of self-discovery or the process of individuality begins with a spiritual need or inner conflict in the person; In this process, organizing among archetypes is the task of the archetype of the "self" that if it can create unity and oneness among other archetypes, one will ...
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According to Jung, the process of self-discovery or the process of individuality begins with a spiritual need or inner conflict in the person; In this process, organizing among archetypes is the task of the archetype of the "self" that if it can create unity and oneness among other archetypes, one will reach psychological growth and finally recognize the hidden angles within, to self-awareness and wholeness. Individual leads, with the growth of individuality, the person from individual integrity to connection with the world and in the next stage unity with the universe and becomes the owner of universal thought. In this research, the poems of Mohammad Reza Shafiee-Kodkani have been studied from the perspective of self-discovery stages according to Jung's theory. The result of the research shows that the archetypes of anima, shadow, old wise man, death and rebirth and the hero are in the stages of self-discovery in his thought and are coordinated with the "conscious self". They are all compatible. Shafi'i Kadkani has gone through the inner layers of himself, the path of individuality and psychological growth, after self-awareness and connection with the world, has reached oneness with the universe.
Research Paper
Reza Nikoo; abdollah hasanzade mirali
Abstract
Existentialism means "authenticity of existence" or "primacy of being". This school was found by Soren Kierkegaard in the 1830s, although its backgrounds were already in use. The primacy of being on nature, responsibility, freedom, apprehension, choice... is features of this school.in Existentialism ...
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Existentialism means "authenticity of existence" or "primacy of being". This school was found by Soren Kierkegaard in the 1830s, although its backgrounds were already in use. The primacy of being on nature, responsibility, freedom, apprehension, choice... is features of this school.in Existentialism is human is stranger, because it is not been made of nature. In a left place that is neither of his gender nor made for him . He does not have innate feature and creates his own nature. The first purpose of existentialism is a stranger man, because it is not made of the nature. he is left in a place that is neither of her gender nor made to him. The first purpose of existentialism is to make a man aware of his identity and make him responsible for his own existence and the existence of all human beings. He must make his own destiny with free choice. Existentialism in Iran in the 1940s and 1950s fell on Sayyid Ahmed Fardid and Ali Shariati's efforts. Mostafa Mastoor is one of the famous contemporary story writers. His first literary work, the two eyes of wet house, in 1369 and his first story, Love on the pavement, was published in 1377. In mastoor stories which mostly result to Soren Kierkegaard's faith thoughts especially kiss face of the god and pig bones and lepers, and some of the existentialism features such as the authenticity of existence, loneliness, lust, anxiety, pessimism, and so on Which is discussed in this article.
Research Paper
Ataollah koopal; saboureh rangraz
Abstract
Transformation in fictional narratives is referred to the essential changes of human or inhuman characters by a supernatural force. The present article is intended to examine this essential transformation of the characters of folk tales in the context of Claude Bremond's narrative theory. In classifying ...
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Transformation in fictional narratives is referred to the essential changes of human or inhuman characters by a supernatural force. The present article is intended to examine this essential transformation of the characters of folk tales in the context of Claude Bremond's narrative theory. In classifying the role of the character in the narrative, Claude Bremond proposed the "Agent" and the "Patient" characters based on the extension of Levi-Strauss's "Binary Oppositions" theory of "Actant" characters. The agent has an active, effective, and dynamic role in the story, and on the other hand the patient is passive and impressible. The present study seeks to answer the question: according to Bremond's theory, how the transformation in folk tales can lead to change the function of the character and consequently, the status and role of the character in the story, from agent to patient and vice versa. This study, through referring to the library sources and by descriptive-analytical methods, in four specific folktales, including "BolBol-e-Sargashte" , ”Mah-Pishoony", "Namaki" and "Chehel-Gis " as the case studies, intends to conclude that transformation causes the main and sub characters, create the new actions or be affected by the new ones, after the transubstantiation. And as a result, they change from an agent to a patient or vice versa.
Research Paper
nahideh zarei; mohammad khazaneh
Abstract
زبان امری اجتماعی است، صراحت و دقت آن در بیان معانی، مورد احتیاج جامعه است. حروف اگرچه به تنهایی معنای مقنعی ندارند ولی جزئی محدود و مشخص از این کل محسوب میشود که هر یک ...
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زبان امری اجتماعی است، صراحت و دقت آن در بیان معانی، مورد احتیاج جامعه است. حروف اگرچه به تنهایی معنای مقنعی ندارند ولی جزئی محدود و مشخص از این کل محسوب میشود که هر یک از آنها مفهوم و رابطۀ دستوری خاصی را بیان میکند، اگر قواعد دستوری متون فارسی از جمله نفثهالمصدور که از شاهکارهای نثر ماست، جداگانه استخراج شود، فواید بسیار دربر خواهد داشت چرا که این امر منجر به تدوین دستور تاریخی فارسی خواهد شد. علاوهبراین خصوصیات سبکی و دستوری این اثر روشن خواهد گردید. استخراج همۀ قواعد دستوری نفثهالمصدور اگرچه لازم و مفید است اما آسان نیست، بلکه مستلزم سالها تحقیق دقیق دستوری و زبانشناسی است. در نفثهالمصدور حروف کارکردهای متفاوتی دارند، دستهای از آنها فقط حرف اضافهاند، گروهی دیگر حرف ربطاند، تعدادی هم در کاربردهای گوناگون به عنوان حرف اضافه و ربط، صفت، قید و پیشوند فعل بهکار میروند که با توجه به بافت و معنای جمله، کاربرد آنها مشخص میشود. در این پژوهش با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، ابتدا گونههای مختلف این حروف معرفی میشود، سپس مورد ارزیابی قرار میگیرد، چراکه برخی از حروف اضافهها در برخی موارد دارای معانی چندگانهاندازجمله«از»، «به»،«تا»....لذا تعیین دقیق معنی آنها به تحلیل معنایی بیشتری نیازمند است؛ بنابراین انجام این کار ضمن نشان دادن جنبههای هنری این اثر، برخی مشکلات در فهم آن را برطرف خواهد کرد.لازم به ذکر است که در این جستار فقط تکیه بر کاربرد حروف اضافه و ربط میباشد.
Research Paper
sanaz taghipouri hajabi; kamran pashaie fakhri; Parvaneh adelzadeh
Abstract
Cognitive linguistics considers linguistic knowledge as dependent on thought and cognition and introduces conceptual metaphor as a tool for how to think and linguistic behaviours. By examining it, similarities and differences of cultures can be obtained. Orientational metaphor is a form of conceptual ...
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Cognitive linguistics considers linguistic knowledge as dependent on thought and cognition and introduces conceptual metaphor as a tool for how to think and linguistic behaviours. By examining it, similarities and differences of cultures can be obtained. Orientational metaphor is a form of conceptual metaphor in which abstract concepts are oriented in language. Accordingly, in the present study, this metaphor has been studied and comparative in two novels “Shohare ahw khanoom” from Afghani and “Never let me go” from Ishiguro by descriptive- analytical method. for this purpose, research data were extracted with 36 orientational conceotual metaphors ( 16 case of Afghani and 20 case of Ishiguro) and their differences and similarities in the fields of source domain and their mapping were investigated. The results showed that the similarities between the conceptual metaphors based on human understanding of the category of direction in the two languages are greater than the differences. By regarding the little metaphorical differences in two language , we conclude that although both authors have used a single cultural model to produce a metaphor of orientation, but cultural and geographical differences produce different mapping.
Research Paper
nooshafarin kalantar; tahereh sadeghi tahsili; mohamadreza hasani jalilian; ali heydari
Abstract
The land is often seen by many nations as a feminine elemental, reproductive and fertile nature, and plays an essential role in creation. Therefore, it has been specially found in myths, beliefs, rituals, religions, and mystical styles. In mythology, you are the mother's land, the worshiped goddess, ...
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The land is often seen by many nations as a feminine elemental, reproductive and fertile nature, and plays an essential role in creation. Therefore, it has been specially found in myths, beliefs, rituals, religions, and mystical styles. In mythology, you are the mother's land, the worshiped goddess, the nurturer of the creators, the breeder, the cleanser, the sanctity and the divinity, are the source of the existence of the abyss and other beings. In religions, the earth is the source of the material existence of man, mother, kindergarten and cradle. In most of the mystical passages, the earth is the domain of the demise and divorce of the soul; it is also a female and female element, and on the basis of which the woman, the body and the soul, which are earthly and female, have been subject to denunciation. In Islamic mysticism, in addition to many literary functions of the earth, there are two special functions which are: 1. Motherhood of the earth. 2. Life to redeem. The earth in mysticism is considered to be a mother, and creatures, including humans, are their offspring. In mythological beliefs, both the mother and the mother have been involved in reproduction and survival, and have been responsible for fertility and reproduction; therefore, the mystical perception of the earth as a mother is derived from mythological beliefs. Also, in the beliefs of the mystics, the earth (soil / grave) is the rebirth of the soul and the introduction to the kingdom of heaven.
Research Paper
azar akbarzade; fatemeh koupa; pedram mirzaei; narges mohammadi
Abstract
ABSTRACTPsychological critique of personality is one of the new researches in the field of storytelling. Ahmadmahmood (1310-1381) in the novel The Tree of Figures of the Temples by addressing new writing styles including: 1-Anti-heroic description 2- Difference in characterization 3- Flow of mind-body ...
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ABSTRACTPsychological critique of personality is one of the new researches in the field of storytelling. Ahmadmahmood (1310-1381) in the novel The Tree of Figures of the Temples by addressing new writing styles including: 1-Anti-heroic description 2- Difference in characterization 3- Flow of mind-body 4-Uncertainty 5-Smooth Reality and imagination, and the description of the person's minds, have produced different effects and are close to psychoanalytic novels.One of the new psychoanalytic theories in describing personality is Karen Horney's theory. He is one of the post-war psychoanalyst who emphasized the role of the community in influencing people's behavior by introducing the theory of "triple personality types" and "self-ideal", such as Adler. The analysis of the behavior of the characters of the fig tree of the temples, which is influenced by the community, is subject to anxiety and internal stress, can be adapted to Horney's theory. Hence, in this article, after discussing various aspects of Horney's theory, the author explores the "current, real, and self-ideal triple virtues" component in one of the novel characters, "Faramarz", which is the most Has played a role in the events of the story.Following the confrontation with the "present self", the personality faces a fundamental contradiction in destructive factors such as contempt, neglect, violence and impunity, and in its ideological captivity and its consequences: neural expectations, pride and neurology And more and more anxiety, anger and depression are added to her
Research Paper
ali heidari
Abstract
AbstractOne of the most challenging subjects of Masnavi-e Mannavi is the emerged delay in the writing of the second Book. Most of the researchers, in following of Aflaki, the death of wife's HessamAlldin and leak of motivation in mowlavi, are known the most important reasons of this delay. Bat some researchers ...
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AbstractOne of the most challenging subjects of Masnavi-e Mannavi is the emerged delay in the writing of the second Book. Most of the researchers, in following of Aflaki, the death of wife's HessamAlldin and leak of motivation in mowlavi, are known the most important reasons of this delay. Bat some researchers are doubted about, They have provided valuable comments. In this paper, one of the factors of this delay, which has not been considered, has been dealt with analytically-descriptive method. After death's Salah Alodin Zarkob, some affairs of mowlavi and follower sare delivered to HessamAlldin, but for some reason would not been officially adapted as caliph. HessamAlldin persistent yon hurriedly requested from Mowlavi, to announce his caliphate. But apparently Mowlavi has no hurry for such appointment. This suspension outwardly has caused HessamAlldin's offence. In the final lines of the first Book, his offence and annoyance culminated and separated of Mowlavi. This separatism and anger lasts two, until HessamAlldin become officially Mowlavi's caliph and resume the writing of the second Book. Enter tent and intra tent reasons, clarify and confirm this subject.
Research Paper
Effat Neghabi; Mehrnoosh Esrafilzadeh
Abstract
The clothing system is one of the most important systems that has a significant presence in literary texts. Rumi is one of the poets who has been able to turn the system of linguistic signs of clothing into literary signs. He uses the words and everyday signs on the one hand and creates signs in the ...
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The clothing system is one of the most important systems that has a significant presence in literary texts. Rumi is one of the poets who has been able to turn the system of linguistic signs of clothing into literary signs. He uses the words and everyday signs on the one hand and creates signs in the text by changing these rules and regulations. And by breaking the foundation, it creates new signs. With regard to this issue, this study intends to study and analyze the signs of clothing in anecdotes of Masnavi with Bart's semiotic approach, especially the theory of cohesive and non-cohesive, with a descriptive-analytical method. In this theory, Barthes does not limit the meaning and concept of the sign to the explicit meaning and tries to design a model to achieve the implicit meaning of the signs along with the explicit meaning. Analytical study of this theory in anecdotes from Masnavi shows that Rumi does not use signs in their conventional meaning, but by creating new signs as well as interpreting anecdotes to a new reading of Early signs are obtained and it should be said that these signs are related t the whole system of Masnavi signs.
Research Paper
Fateme Mehri
Abstract
Various features of Parrot as one of the most well-known birds in Persian poetry, has been implicated to create literary themes and poetics. Scrutinizing literary works represents how Persian poets living in different geographical areas, knew closely the natural and biological features of parrots and ...
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Various features of Parrot as one of the most well-known birds in Persian poetry, has been implicated to create literary themes and poetics. Scrutinizing literary works represents how Persian poets living in different geographical areas, knew closely the natural and biological features of parrots and utilized them to shape literary images, similes and rhetorical associations, however the bird is not native to Iran. In this article, by examining the Persian poetry, we show how much the natural features of the parrot are useful to study poems, enlighten their elegance and minutes, and help to unravel the text difficulties. Studying numerous cases found in Persian poetic texts shows that among the natural features of parrots, physical and visual features play a major role in the construction of rhetorical images based on similarity. Meanwhile, the color green has created one of the strongest and the most diverse networks of associations around parrots.
Research Paper
Fatemeh Taslim jahromi
Abstract
Satire is a kind of literary discourse or sub-discourse because it uses a specific language for the purpose of criticism, protest, and indulgence. Critical discourse analysis is a trend in the field of discourse analysis in linguistic studies that deals with the relationship between language, power and ...
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Satire is a kind of literary discourse or sub-discourse because it uses a specific language for the purpose of criticism, protest, and indulgence. Critical discourse analysis is a trend in the field of discourse analysis in linguistic studies that deals with the relationship between language, power and ideology in society. One of the famous models in discourse analysis is Van Livon's sociological-semantic model in which the analysis of texts is promoted from a descriptive level to an explanatory and justification level and also the relationship between society, culture, power, ideology, etc. is represented. Satire discourse in poems Shamloo is seen in the field of social, political, and philosophical issues and analyzes his work from the perspective of a worthy Van Livon model. From the perspective of Van Livon's model of critical discourse analysis, this article follows Satire in Shamloo's poetry to determine how Shamloo portrays social agents and, given the critical function of Satire, how to produce and represent discourses with sociological-semantic components. Has done. The components of critical discourse analysis in Van Leeuwen's model are based on two elements of explicitness and obscurity, which themselves have different linguistic subsets. According to the results of this research, Shamloo has used the hidden components in the discourse of Satire in his poems more.He conceals the identities of government activists and the ignorant, while emphasizing the activities of libertarians and fighters while being active and directly named.Contradictions in linguistic, emotional, and thought contexts are among the characteristics of Satire discourse in poetry
Research Paper
azita moradi; Mansoureh Tadayoni; masoud pakdel; sima mansoori
Abstract
One Hundred Years Later" and "The Song of the Caravan" are two newly published collections published by the Academy of Persian Language and Literature on the heritage of Nima Yoshij. Nima Yoshij's views on poetry are fully expressed in her other works, including letters, neighborly speeches, and poetry. ...
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One Hundred Years Later" and "The Song of the Caravan" are two newly published collections published by the Academy of Persian Language and Literature on the heritage of Nima Yoshij. Nima Yoshij's views on poetry are fully expressed in her other works, including letters, neighborly speeches, and poetry. However, there are many other poems by Nima yoshij in these two recent books which are important in analyzing the process of her poetic developments. In the present study, considering the most important theories of Nima, including attention to symbolism, declamation and the natural process of theology, we have examined these two sets. The results show that in order to achieve symbolism, in addition to Western literature, Nima shows great interest in classical literature, especially "allegory" and "mystical symbols". Several of Nima's poems in these two collections are "dramatic poems" and have a completely dramatic structure. Nima uses the capacity of "narrative" and "story" to express his content And tries to be one with nature and, unlike classical poetry, to provide an objective and external description of it. Nima does not see classical poetry as having a physical unity and places all the elements of poetry in the direction of creating a harmonious combination, which he calls "harmony" and "form". Some of these poems are very important due to the gradual changes of Nima's poetry and some of them are among the best poems of him.
Research Paper
mahdi dehrami
Abstract
Masnavi format is usually used in composing long narrative poems and extensive topics due to the freedom in rhyme and line and the unlimited number of verses, and traditional rhetorical scholars have always referred to the length of Masnavi format poems. Nevertheless, there are very short Masnavi in ...
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Masnavi format is usually used in composing long narrative poems and extensive topics due to the freedom in rhyme and line and the unlimited number of verses, and traditional rhetorical scholars have always referred to the length of Masnavi format poems. Nevertheless, there are very short Masnavi in Persian literature, the number of verses does not even reach ten verses. The purpose of this article is to study the course and content of this type of poems, rhetorical aspects and the reasons for the poet's tendency to compose them. The writing of these poems began in the sixth century and until the eighth century, nearly a hundred short Masnavi have been written on topics such as praise, short and request letters, recording the poet's experiences and appropriate poems. Educational needs, the desire of poets to the common meanings in non-stereotyped forms, diminishing the importance of eloquent language in poems, needs and desires of audiences, increasing the intimacy of tone and popularity and of Masnavi format have played the effective role in poets' tendency to compose short Masnavi
Research Paper
fatemeh taghinezhad; firooz fazeli; mahmoud Ranjbar
Abstract
In the middle of the twentieth century, the discourse of literary criticism were considered. The story of "Little Black Fish" (1347), for some reasons, including; the type of text, its special structure and the range of audiences have been faced with different interpretations. In this research, with ...
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In the middle of the twentieth century, the discourse of literary criticism were considered. The story of "Little Black Fish" (1347), for some reasons, including; the type of text, its special structure and the range of audiences have been faced with different interpretations. In this research, with a descriptive-analytical method and based on the approach of reader-oriented theories, how the interaction between the reader and the text has been studied in a diachronically & synchronically manner. The results show that the Readers' reaction before 1957, according to the dominant paradigm, was critique of taste, based on ideology and had a social approach in which the hero's action was highlighted and the readings were informative; There was no dialogue between the text and the reader and the meaning was imposed on the text. after 1957 to the end of the 80's, the receptions were combined criticism and based on the literary expectation horizon, they had a frequency in the field of narratology. These readings created uncertainty, and the reader constructed a new form of textual object in a semi-active dialogue with the text. In the late 1980s to the late 1990s, readings were theory-based, and the semiotic approach had the highest frequency among other approaches. The readings were often dialectical with the readings of the previous period, and from the uncertainty until the receipt of correction was figured in the previous readings, and as a result of the integration of social and literary expectation horizons, they offered a wider semantic horizon.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
faezeh payreaz zanjani; Mehdi Mahoozi; mandana hashemi
Abstract
Notwithstanding common ideas of poets who tread to the path of mysticism, each of them has special style to picturing of mystic experiences and to show the spiritual progress ways. In addition to stylistic characters of a work which influence on creating a different work, spiritual attributes and character ...
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Notwithstanding common ideas of poets who tread to the path of mysticism, each of them has special style to picturing of mystic experiences and to show the spiritual progress ways. In addition to stylistic characters of a work which influence on creating a different work, spiritual attributes and character of [art] worker influence on it. In this article, the character of Attar and Molana has been analysis in the base of Gustav Yung's theory [the famous psychologist], with two figures, introvertion and extroversion encounter two topics of joiner and separation. According to the effect of childish environment, different events of these two poet’s life, their different point of view about the character of lover, which is the core of love sonnets, and it’s mood, and rhymester approach, and the character of two poets, It can be accepted that, Attar has emotional introverted character and talked about separation more than consummation of Tinker, and Molana believe to close Tinker, in with separation, and he has emotional extroverted personality.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Marzieh Askari; Mahmood Barati Khansari; Hossein Aghahosaini
Abstract
The inclusion of order and poetry in Persian prose lab has a long history. Motivations based on literary and socio-political goals have led poetry to enter prose texts. Looking at the list of old and new rhetorical science books, it became clear that rhetoricians have so far not paid enough attention ...
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The inclusion of order and poetry in Persian prose lab has a long history. Motivations based on literary and socio-political goals have led poetry to enter prose texts. Looking at the list of old and new rhetorical science books, it became clear that rhetoricians have so far not paid enough attention to the types of poetry included in prose texts, which is one of the aesthetic aspects. The only term that is more appropriate to this technique than other interpretations is "martyrdom"; A general term that includes the inclusion of a verse, hadith, news and poem in the text. There are other terms such as solution, adaptation, guarantee, which according to the existing definitions, are not exactly related to poetry. There are types and rules of poetry in the text of prose that have not been discovered so far and no terms have been provided for these types. The present article has tried to study the prose texts mixed with poetry in the eighth century as a research sample because Persian poetry has reached the peak of its growth in this century, the types of poetry insertion in prose and its goals with examples Express these texts and provide their proposed definitions to solve this problem. The suggested term of this article is a completely Persian and literary term "poetic".
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
maryam Hosseini; Maryam Rajabinia
Abstract
From the 4th to the 8th century A.H. in the Fars Region, eight manuscripts were written, translated or selected in Persian and Arabic.. Due to the many similarities between these works, after Sirat ibn Khafif it is very likely that the later writers were influenced by Abu al-Hassan Dailami's writings ...
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From the 4th to the 8th century A.H. in the Fars Region, eight manuscripts were written, translated or selected in Persian and Arabic.. Due to the many similarities between these works, after Sirat ibn Khafif it is very likely that the later writers were influenced by Abu al-Hassan Dailami's writings on Sheikh Kabir Shiraz ibn Khafif. Arabic and the scholarly writing style of the authors of works such as the Sirat of ibn Khafif and Firdows Al-Morshedieh in introducing the great personality of the mystics shows the existence of special audiences and scholars for these works and the weakness of style and the inclusion of material miracles(Karamat)of Roozbihan's hagiographies represent the purpose of these writers that is to make Roozbihan stand out to the general public and to a kind of productivity for themselves. It may be concluded that with the spread of Sufism over time, the specific audience of these works became the general audience, and as a result, the change of the audience was effective in the way the authors wrote these works. Also, the writers of these hagiographies, who have usually been among the children or grandchildren of the sheikh, have tried to gain a place and rank for themselves by exaggerating the sheikh's honors and finding high credit for him.
Research Paper
hisein salimi
Abstract
One of the obvious and effective features of Hafez's poetry is the multidimensionality of the verses and the semantic layers embedded in them. So that the audience, after reading several times, again makes discoveries in the field of form and meaning. This leads the audience to accept that the text is ...
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One of the obvious and effective features of Hafez's poetry is the multidimensionality of the verses and the semantic layers embedded in them. So that the audience, after reading several times, again makes discoveries in the field of form and meaning. This leads the audience to accept that the text is not finished and to be motivated to return to it as a dynamic and creative text. In fact, Hafez often creates a hidden and elusive concept in the mind by placing words next to each other. In such a way that along with referring to the explicit meaning of the sentence, by creating ambiguity, it brings another meaning to mind. In this article, by documentary and analytical methods, the artistic uses of the typical names of slaves and Bondwoman in creating proportional ambiguity in Hafez's poetry shown and their relationship with social themes and issues is analyzed. The results show that Hafez, consciously and cleverly, uses the typical names of slaves and Bondwoman in an atmosphere of proportional ambiguity. Hafez's intention in this work is, firstly, to present the prismatic and engineered relations of his poetic words in an artistic way, and secondly, to convey his personal and social thoughts to the audience in an indirect and multi-layered language.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
sovaida darvish; narges mohammadi badr
Abstract
Psychological analysis of fictional characters provides the ground for achieving the perspectives and attitudes of fiction writers and paves the way to understand the fictional characters correctly. The psychological Enneagram theory is a new typology that categorizes the behavioral traits of human beings ...
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Psychological analysis of fictional characters provides the ground for achieving the perspectives and attitudes of fiction writers and paves the way to understand the fictional characters correctly. The psychological Enneagram theory is a new typology that categorizes the behavioral traits of human beings into 9 personality types: Reformer, Helper, Achiever, Individualist, Investigator, Loyalist, Enthusiast, Challenger, and Peacemaker. The main purpose of this research is to examine the adaptability of the main character of the story "The Pear Tree" from the collection of stories "Somewhere Else" written by Goli Taraghi, with the 9 types of Enneagram and also to analyze the behavior of the main character based on the Enneagram pattern. The present paper is descriptive-analytical method. The results indicate that Most of the behavioral components of the main character of the story "The Pear Tree" correspond to Type 5 (Investigator) of Enneagram, and in some situations, the behavior of Type 4 (Individualist) of Enneagram shows itself and is consistent with the Enneagram pattern and can be analyzed accordingly.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
maryam feizi
Abstract
functionalist linguistics that is emanating from the functionalist school. be analyzing author’s abilities and creativity the use of the language’s speaking system for highlighting social aspects and other performances of language. Theoreticians such as Andre Martinet, Roman Jakobson and ...
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functionalist linguistics that is emanating from the functionalist school. be analyzing author’s abilities and creativity the use of the language’s speaking system for highlighting social aspects and other performances of language. Theoreticians such as Andre Martinet, Roman Jakobson and Michael A.K. Halliday considered various functions for language that are six function the most important and famous among them: emotive, conative, mentality, affective, thought position and literary creation that are discussed in this article in story “Farsi shekar ast” by Muhammad ali Jamalzade. From this perspective Jamalzade as the vanguard of short story writing in Persian aware of potential capacities of the Persian language and by mastering the techniques of narrative, has been able to take advantage as well from sextet functions of language to create the literary attractions and pay to language pathology and the indicator light in the contemporary Persian fiction.
Key Word: Rhetoric of language, functionalist linguistics, Jamalzade, functions of language, Pathology of language.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Amene Erfanifard; Kazem Dezfolian
Abstract
Art and aesthetics are open and broad components in which the world is interpreted and in a perceptual process, it affects imagination, creation and expression. Aesthetic experience and knowledge challenge new methods and perspectives of the mind. "Nadia" by Andre Burton and "Three Drops ...
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Art and aesthetics are open and broad components in which the world is interpreted and in a perceptual process, it affects imagination, creation and expression. Aesthetic experience and knowledge challenge new methods and perspectives of the mind. "Nadia" by Andre Burton and "Three Drops of Blood" by Sadegh Hedayat as a formal and semantic reality are clear examples of objective and mental beauty elements that show the hidden reality of the deep mental state of man in his subconscious mind And have an ontological reality of which our consciousness has reached only a small part. The purpose of analyzing the aesthetic elements of these works that represent the needs of different areas of human life through intuition, reflection and attention to the transcendental world and create a kind of interactive connection between human feelings, thoughts, wisdom and imagination, is to know and understand how these works are written and why they are valuable. In this research, with a descriptive and analytical method and the approach of comparative literature and Relying on the American Critical school In qualitative analysis in the surrealistic aesthetic aspects of the works, we have reached the conclusion that The beauty of language and imagination in the superstructure part, and the beauty of the content in the deep construction part using the techniques of surrealism, are the constructive foundations of the beauty of these works that lead to the creation of spaces that is a rebellion to free the mind from limitations.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Ali Heidari
Abstract
Description of the term "Shah Rokh"(Castling) in a verse by Hafez
The Description of the Castling of the Rook in a Line of Hafez
Abstract
Hafez is one of the most famous poets of the Iraqi Style, who used the concepts in different disciplines and the common games like backgammon and chess ...
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Description of the term "Shah Rokh"(Castling) in a verse by Hafez
The Description of the Castling of the Rook in a Line of Hafez
Abstract
Hafez is one of the most famous poets of the Iraqi Style, who used the concepts in different disciplines and the common games like backgammon and chess in his poetry in the most appropriate form. His use of the aforementioned disciplines and games is never artificial and does not hamper the eloquent and delicate face of his poems. In some of his lines, he used chess and castling of the rook; to understand such poetic delicacies, we have to understand the meaning of such concepts and expressions or moves in games. In some cases, the interpreters of Hafez have not been able to make a sound interpretation of such expressions and moves in chess in the concerned poetic lines. This paper has described such concepts, using a descriptive-analytic method. The castling of the rook or bringing the king to the rook is made once to make the king safe. Unfortunately, this concept has been interpreted in a wrong way based on the literal meaning of the concept in the dictionaries.
Keywords: Hafez's poetry; Castling; King; Rook; Chess
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Zahra Pakzad; Fateme Kolahchian; Mohammad Irani
Abstract
Emotion, imagination, and music are the three elements raised in definitions of poetry. Poetic elements have been utilized more or less, over different eras of Persian prose. In the meantime, mystical and Sufi works tend to be more poetic in character, depending on their aims and themes, so much that ...
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Emotion, imagination, and music are the three elements raised in definitions of poetry. Poetic elements have been utilized more or less, over different eras of Persian prose. In the meantime, mystical and Sufi works tend to be more poetic in character, depending on their aims and themes, so much that understanding semantic subtleties and greater enjoyment of aesthetic manifestations of these texts hinges on analyzing the influence of their pictorial as well as musical elements. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is to examine the function of one of the key elements of poetry, i.e. music, in Hajviri’s Revelation of the Veiled (KashfulMahjoob), as one of the most important mystical prose, in order to determine its poetic value and quality. The findings of this descriptive-analytical study show that intrinsic and spiritual music play a crucial role in Hajviri’s prose and they are very helpful in more effective induction of concepts and mindsets. An intrinsic music which promotes rhetorical-phonetic congruency and attractiveness, has greater manifestation than spiritual music. Rhyme (parallel rhyme, in particular), pun (additive pun, in particular), repetition, alliteration, and contrast are clear examples of intrinsic and spiritual music the Revelation of the Veiledoften found manifested by bringing up the names of Auliya and describing their characters and moods, telling stories and quoting the words and guidanceof Sheikhs, and explaining mystical terms including concepts related to monotheism, self-knowledge, death, mystical inexistence and survival, hierarchies of conduct, as well as self-condemnation and the condemned world.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
mehdi sharifian; Roya Hashemizadeh
Abstract
Communication literature text and psychoanalysis in 20 century com up with the help of Freuds theories and after him carl yung has prominent and important role in this regard and wrote a important text about the reflection of the mind and thoughts of people in their place. In the opinion of jung, human ...
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Communication literature text and psychoanalysis in 20 century com up with the help of Freuds theories and after him carl yung has prominent and important role in this regard and wrote a important text about the reflection of the mind and thoughts of people in their place. In the opinion of jung, human thaughts is partly from daily desires and greatly of facted by mass media and Archetype and in general human during his life unwittingly controls from the unconscious.
In this article Bahram & golandam epopee of aminoldin safi ( poet of 9 century) by using the descriptive- analytical method and from Yung opinions is surueyed until the emergence of the collective unconscious and elements to be determined. According to result, this folk story matches with The process of individualism Archetype of yung and the path of character growth towards; thus keshvarshah is a code of human and Bahram is code of himself it goes through difficult stages of dealing with shadow to join with anima,and finally his connection with golandam, complete the charter transformation cycle.
Also, in this epopee two shadow Archetype and Old wisdom has more important role: Archetype of shadow because of a lot of perser vevance and effort of keshvarshah for character development and Old wisdom Archetype because of great enthusiasm and confusion.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
mostafa mohammadi; lida namdar
Abstract
The Missing Soluch, Mahmoud Dowlatabadi's work is one of the great realistic works of Iran that, So far, the status of religion and the role of religious elements in it have not been taken into account by literary analysts; The present study aims to emphasize the role of religion as a rooted need ...
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The Missing Soluch, Mahmoud Dowlatabadi's work is one of the great realistic works of Iran that, So far, the status of religion and the role of religious elements in it have not been taken into account by literary analysts; The present study aims to emphasize the role of religion as a rooted need and an important principle in constructing individual and collective behavior and actions, as well as its place in the mind and language of the author and the ups and downs of literary creations.The research used a descriptive-analytic method with an inductive approach to analyze the religious views of Dowlatabadi in The Missing Soluch And examines the impact of society on the novel's characters' beliefs and the author's view of the role of religion in personal and social action. In order to provide a applied research mode, The position of religion in this novel is examined by Erich Fromm's theory of religions. Equivalent to the examples of the text, it is proved that despite the similarities between the two and the direct influence of society on religious perceptions in the characters of the novel, authoritarian religions have had a greater impact on the formation of the characters of the novel. However, traces of Humanistic religions can also be traced and analyzed in this work. The result showed religion and the role of religious affairs in the novel are portrayed very faintly thatThe reason can be attributed to the views of Dowlatabadi and the impact of land reform
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Ebrahim Vasheghani Farahani
Abstract
In several Middle Iranian texts, we read that Zab pierced Afrasiab and restored water and borders. that the same shooting of Afrasiab and his burning (not shooting to one side of the ground) in some new Persian texts to Arash Attributed. Is it possible that the story of Arash and the story of the kingdom ...
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In several Middle Iranian texts, we read that Zab pierced Afrasiab and restored water and borders. that the same shooting of Afrasiab and his burning (not shooting to one side of the ground) in some new Persian texts to Arash Attributed. Is it possible that the story of Arash and the story of the kingdom of Zab are two expressions of one myth that is sometimes attributed to Arash and sometimes to Zab by transferring the attribution in the longitudinal series of causes and effects? Shahnameh Researchers have thought of several reasons to justify the absence of Arash's story in Ferdowsi Shahnameh.What it has discussed in this article is the question and suggestion of whether it is possible that the story of Arash The archer with the face turned, in the lower layer and the form of another narration in the Shahnameh and quoted? ?In other words, in studying a myth, instead of searching for the name of the hero, one should follow his works, and as is common in mythological critique and narrative,. In other words, the reign of Zab Tahmaseb and the story of Arash are both narrations of an older Indo-European myth according to which the god of light, rains, and crosses borders. This longitudinal transfer of attribution and "patrol of myth" between Arash and Zab has occurred more clearly in several Middle Persian and New Persian sources and has a similar background.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Saeed Alaei; Manochehr Akbari
Abstract
Travelogues are in fact valuable and first-hand treasures and documents of some historical, social, cultural, religious and literary events, which can be examined from various aspects. Travel writing in the ancient history of Persian literature has a long history. Nearly a thousand years have passed ...
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Travelogues are in fact valuable and first-hand treasures and documents of some historical, social, cultural, religious and literary events, which can be examined from various aspects. Travel writing in the ancient history of Persian literature has a long history. Nearly a thousand years have passed since the writing of Nasser Khosrow's travelogue. Since then, many travelogues have been written, all of which is a clear proof of the attention of the creators and the serious interest of the audience in this kind of literature. In the Qajar period, travel writing has a special place. Travel writing has never been as common as it was in this period. In these travelogues, each of the authors looks at the issues and events of the journey from a specific perspective and they have taken special care. In the Qajar period, with the spread of this type of literature, many intellectuals used travelogues as a written form to inform people and record historical events. The present study has extracted and examined the common themes and themes in the travelogues of this period. To this end, it has selected a number of important and complete travelogues of this period, and by examining their content, we have revealed the common features and themes in them. Studies show that these topics are common to most travelogues: 1. Praise to God 2. Description 3. Criticism 4. Contradiction 5. Giving incomplete information 6. Expression of self and spiritual states 7. Feeling pity for one’s homeland
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
soheila sadeghi; Behnaz alipur gaskari; Belgheis rovshan; behnaz payamani
Abstract
The Cognitive poetic theory is a theory based on the language of literary works and the type of arrangement of linguistic units that leads to the discovery of the relationship between the structure and concept of a literary work. This theory enables the systematic reading of literary texts with the tools ...
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The Cognitive poetic theory is a theory based on the language of literary works and the type of arrangement of linguistic units that leads to the discovery of the relationship between the structure and concept of a literary work. This theory enables the systematic reading of literary texts with the tools it provides to the analyst for literary criticism. The purpose of this study is to investigate the interpretive levels of the two poems in terms of structure and content with the above approach to explain how the structure of poems affects the construction of Shafiee intellectual coding world. For this purpose, by performing three mappings of the attribute, relational and system, in two poems: "lyric in passion and blossoming" and "youth" the author's reasoning processes were examined. It was concluded that the organization of conceptual spaces in these two poems is based on the Container scheme and the author's intellectual world has influenced the structure of the poems. Cognitively, in the poet's perfectionist thought, there is always the possibility of getting out of the unwanted space, and changing circumstances begins with oneself. The system mapping of poems showed that the poems are within the framework of a coherent linguistic structure. The mental form, which is the content link of the work, is in harmony with the external form of the poems and is presented to the audience in the form of an integrated abstract pattern. This is a reason for the coherence and effectiveness of the poems.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
nadereh shahabadi; ahmad khatami; alireza salehi; abolfazl moradi
Abstract
Lyrical literature" as one of the most widespread types of literature, is presented in the context of the "literary and emotional" role of language and... The methods of using lyrical elements in each of the systems of Persian literature are numerous and diverse. Factors such as "lyrical ...
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Lyrical literature" as one of the most widespread types of literature, is presented in the context of the "literary and emotional" role of language and... The methods of using lyrical elements in each of the systems of Persian literature are numerous and diverse. Factors such as "lyrical compositions and interpretations", "soft and delicate descriptions", "sad and isolationist atmosphere", "loving and beloved action", "inner monologues of the main character", etc. The most manifestations of lyrical literature. This study tries to study the lyrical poems of "Badnauni's sinner", one of the unknown poets of the return period, by using the "role of thought" in Halliday's role-playing approach. This lyric poet used different methods to express his lyrical thought, and it is noteworthy that he changed his attitude during his poetic period, and from his initial attitude, which was similar to the love poems of the Iraqi style house, in the period. One of life tends to the view of the poets of the "school of occurrence" and burning. This study tries to answer the question that based on the paradigm of thought, the evolution of the worldview of the "Bedouin sect" in lyrical poems, what changes have caused the level of "verbs" used? Findings show that the change, decline and ultimately degradation of the status of "beloved" as the main character of his lyric poems, by reducing the presence of this partner in "material and mental processes" and the high frequency of "question marks" Which means "rebuke and rebuke" has been shown.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
elahe shahi; Mohsen Zoalfaghary; Hassan Heidary
Abstract
The present article entiteld “Semantic analysis of a lyric by Hafez” has presented a semantic analysis of selected sonnet among the studied sonnets due to the more comprehensive methods of semantic analysis in the filed of lyrical literature than the other literary types, considering the ...
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The present article entiteld “Semantic analysis of a lyric by Hafez” has presented a semantic analysis of selected sonnet among the studied sonnets due to the more comprehensive methods of semantic analysis in the filed of lyrical literature than the other literary types, considering the multi-layered nature of Hafez poems and the possibility of achieving various levels of meaning by discovering coeds and relations governing the signifiers and signifeds of each sonnet through the study of Hafez poetry collection.
At the end of the article٫ the author by emphasizing on the effect of sign entanglement in multi-layered of meaning and creating new semantic levels٫ opening the role of cryptographic elements in creating poetic imagination٫ as well as creating artistic words with reader-centered approach, shows and analyzes the central core of cryptocurrencies and its reinforcing codes in the sonnet٫ in addition to analyzing the relations of signifiers and meanings by explaining each one and examining the factors that cause signaling in signifiers. The author also achieves a general and coherent interpretation of the sonnet and the selected method while answering research questions. The analysis method used in this research is intra- textual analysis٫ library method by using first- hand sources.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
foruzandeh edalat kashi; Mahbubeh Mobasheri
Abstract
Metaphor is a concept one of the fundamental categories of cognitive linguistics. A language category that is not just about words, and it raises the language from the rhetoric to the level of a means to deeper thought and sublime cognition. Given that the mode of movement and the path of excellence ...
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Metaphor is a concept one of the fundamental categories of cognitive linguistics. A language category that is not just about words, and it raises the language from the rhetoric to the level of a means to deeper thought and sublime cognition. Given that the mode of movement and the path of excellence in mystical teachings is in the language of the code. And mysticism is the artistic realm of language, meaning a system of allusions and since in cognitive theory, metaphor as a phenomenon has a directing presence in the whole of language This means that one conceptual domain is known based on another conceptual domain This metaphor has found its way into mystical poems. Emad Faqih Kermani, one of the mystics of the eighth century, In the Tariqatnameh, which he composed in ten chapters and each chapter in ten chapters on the etiquette and conduct and duties of seekers and officials and the mystics, considers the completion of love for the Almighty to be love. the conceptual metaphor of love in the Tarighatnameh is examined. Since a conceptual metaphor has two movements from origin to destination, And accordingly, it has three meanings of positive, negative and neutral This is the result of this research Emad has been able to give new meanings to love through two means of transferring meaning and changing meaning, And by creating suspensions in the meaning of the words, leave the reader free to grasp broader meanings and interpretations.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
zahra khosravi zargaz; akbar shayan seresht
Abstract
Artist’s novel is one of the major and nearly independent subtypes of bildungsroman novel and a product of the genre’s development and modifications. The current research aims to introduce the novel’s features by focusing on the structural elements of an English novel, A Portrait of ...
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Artist’s novel is one of the major and nearly independent subtypes of bildungsroman novel and a product of the genre’s development and modifications. The current research aims to introduce the novel’s features by focusing on the structural elements of an English novel, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce and You’re No Stranger Here by Houshang MoradiKermani , and using a descriptive-analytical approach. In this type of novel, the stages of artist’s personality development, his mental concerns, and viewpoint regarding art are explained thoroughly. Also, in this novel, art tools and the titles of some prominent works of art are mentioned. The artist uses his art to serve the community and eventually, his especial way of thinking (against his family’s ideals) forces him to immigrate. In the final part of the novel, we occasionally see an artist writing his own life story. Although according to these features, you’re No Stranger Here is the best match for the English novel, apparently, these features can also be observed in most of the selected examples of this subgenre. However, the description of the artist’s personality development, his mental and social concerns, and his loyalty to art originality and importance are among the prominent features of this type of novel.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Taher Lavzheh
Abstract
Moulana recreates the anecdote of "Abgir wa Se Mahi" of Kalila and Demna in Masnavi to express mystical points. Investigating the metamorphic process of this anecdote in Masnavi, Maulana’s trick to turn its limited themes into broad mystical concepts and the quality of creating a new ...
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Moulana recreates the anecdote of "Abgir wa Se Mahi" of Kalila and Demna in Masnavi to express mystical points. Investigating the metamorphic process of this anecdote in Masnavi, Maulana’s trick to turn its limited themes into broad mystical concepts and the quality of creating a new structure, the main purpose of this study is. This article critiques the reasons in a descriptive-analytical way that according to this, Maulana calls the anecdote of Kalila "the cortex" and his story "the brain". The findings show: Maulana, using Quranic themes, hadiths, the words of the Sufi and the inclusion of proverbs and rulings instill in the audience concepts inspired by their mystical experiences in the general of the story and by resorting to a kind of rhetoric, in interpreting the thoughts and actions of the three main characters of the story, he emphasizes understanding the inner secrets and understanding the points and codes and in referring to fictional adventures through the persuasive-persuasive function of his messages, he expands mystical discussions and when quoting intermediate stories in the form of various allegories and using the extensive capabilities of the language of mysticism, expands the theme of the story to the audience's perception and in expressing content based on the two categories of wisdom and purpose, its all-encompassing and sublime symbols it is based on symbolic perceptions based on intuitive knowledge to make the story of Masnavi, while maintaining the apparent similarity of the narration, in a context different from anecdote of Kalila.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Aram Rahimian; Maryam Mosharrafolmolk; Ahmad Khatami
Abstract
As one of the novels within the realm of resistance literature, Baghe Telo is one of the novels written in the decades after the Iran-Iraq War and compared to previous works, it illustrates a fundamental metamorphosis. One of the most important aspects of this work which is worth examining is its representation ...
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As one of the novels within the realm of resistance literature, Baghe Telo is one of the novels written in the decades after the Iran-Iraq War and compared to previous works, it illustrates a fundamental metamorphosis. One of the most important aspects of this work which is worth examining is its representation of female identity, especially within war years, under the influence of a relatively new discourse. In this new discourse, the gender stereotype of participation in war and the issue of captivity in the field of sustainability was also broken. The present study examines the discourses in this novel through a descriptive-analytic method by making use of Fairclough’s critical approach in order to find if the dominant discourse of this novel serve the maintenance of power relations and the female status in social structures, or if it tries to metamorphosize them. The results of this study show that through representation of female status within patriarchal discourses and metagender and human discourse, this novel attempts to metamorphosize the dominant power relations and change female status within the layers of social structures.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
roodgar Mohammad
Abstract
The current of Khorasan romantic mysticism has a special style tradition centered on the concept of love. After the publication of Shams Tabrizi's articles, one of the topics of interest was that Shams did not accept the likes of Bayazid from the elders of Khorasan and even Junaid, Hallaj and Ibn Arabi. ...
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The current of Khorasan romantic mysticism has a special style tradition centered on the concept of love. After the publication of Shams Tabrizi's articles, one of the topics of interest was that Shams did not accept the likes of Bayazid from the elders of Khorasan and even Junaid, Hallaj and Ibn Arabi. In this research, it is clear that the main criticism of Shams is not on the personality of these people but on their mystical method. The fact is that Shams Tabrizi was one of the top critics of Khorasan mysticism who was also affiliated with this school. To prove this claim, important features of Khorasan behavior such as emphasis on austerity, Sokr, Shath and annihilation in the sheikh have been stated. And then Shams' views on these features are explained and analyzed. Shams was opposed to the monastic system based in Khorasan mysticism and customs such as wearing a cloak. He considered conventional austerity a serious deviation. He also considered conditions such as Sokr and Shath as inefficiencies and shortcomings of this behavior. One of the most important achievements of this discussion is that Shams sought to return to the original way of Khorasan because he did not consider Sufism's reliance on the existing monastic system acceptable. He tried to lead Sufism to dependence on the spiritual guardianship of the sheikh and the doctrine of annihilation in the sheikh. The research method is descriptive and analytical and relies on library resources.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
fatemeh hajirahimi; salman rahimi
Abstract
The Indians and Iranians lived together for a long time before separating from their original homeland and had a common Indo-Iranian culture, language, religion and mythology. Given the mutual cultural influence of Iran and India on each other, it is sometimes possible to trace the roots of Indian myths ...
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The Indians and Iranians lived together for a long time before separating from their original homeland and had a common Indo-Iranian culture, language, religion and mythology. Given the mutual cultural influence of Iran and India on each other, it is sometimes possible to trace the roots of Indian myths in Iran as well. By reviewing the story of Zal and Rudabeh in Shahnameh and searching for the codes that are clearly manifested in Rudabeh's character, we find that this character, in its depth of construction, may reach a mythical origin and background. By examining the characteristics of this savage lady and studying her actions in the Shahnameh on the one hand, as well as tracing the identical and repetitive mythological roots in the lower layers of her personality, it is possible to reach an ancient theme in the patriarchal societies of prehistoric times. That praise and authority of the model of the goddess - the grandmother of water, fertility and love - had a vast territory. That goddess has appeared in each of the ancient lands and geographical regions with similar actions and deeds and with different names. The present article, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method, seeks to find common and identical features between the goddess Sersuti in India and Rudabeh in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. Rudabeh, with its important characteristics such as: alien descent, maternal selfishness, sperm maintenance, immortality, contact with water, moon, snake, mountain, mythical birds,
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
razie fani aski; Ali Taslimi; mahmoud Ranjbar
Abstract
In this research, one postmodern novel of javad mojabi, a contemporary Iranian writer and of novel of Paul Auster, novelist and contemporary writer, has been comparatively studied. Comparative literature can be considered as Inter- theoretical readings; that is, in addition to the theory of literary ...
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In this research, one postmodern novel of javad mojabi, a contemporary Iranian writer and of novel of Paul Auster, novelist and contemporary writer, has been comparatively studied. Comparative literature can be considered as Inter- theoretical readings; that is, in addition to the theory of literary schools can uses several theories such as postmodernism. Auster and mojabi are both creators of multi-faceted works and focus most of all on human conditions, with all its features and complexities. That think about identity and what makes identity. Deconstruction and fragmentation of both works, widespread presence of techniques, Intertextuality and the effects of creating indeterminacy such as short circuit, more and more personalities, Multiple End, polyphony and the scattering of sounds, Paranoia and uncertainly in time and place are common propositions in both novels. therefore, the different points and how to use these tricks is one of the most important goals of this article, maybe it can be valuable help to better understand these two novels.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Mohammad amin Ehsani estahbanati
Abstract
Nowadays, the study of the effect of rhetoric on contemporary syntax and structure is of fundamental importance in linguistics; In the Persian language, so far no independent research has been done on the rhetorical effect and syntactic arrangement in the texts of artificial and obligatory prose with ...
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Nowadays, the study of the effect of rhetoric on contemporary syntax and structure is of fundamental importance in linguistics; In the Persian language, so far no independent research has been done on the rhetorical effect and syntactic arrangement in the texts of artificial and obligatory prose with the focus on the book Nafthat-l-Masdur (Nafseh al-Masdoor). In this article, we will first examine the syntax and its relationship with grammar and rhetoric, and after critically reviewing the background of the research, we will explain the rhetorical function of syntax in the text of Nafthat-l-Masdur, and by citing examples and simultaneously referring to the situational, emotional, and melodic context of Zeidari's words and for the sake of the audience's happiness, we show the author's art in the rhetorical use of syntactic structure. In this article, we have achieved results with a syntactic approach to the structure of Persian grammar and also Djorjānī's rhetoric. The results of this research, which has been obtained in a descriptive-analytical manner and based on library data, show that Zeidari has used the proper arrangement and orchestration for imitations and internal dialogue with himself. The way in which the elements of sentences are combined and placed in the form of rhetorical and stylistic categories has been caused. The way in which the elements of the sentences are combined and placed in the form of rhetorical and stylistic categories has caused Zeidari to act in a way that creates a special rhetorical-stylistic structure in the selection of words,
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Fatemeh Rezaee; Mahin Panahi
Abstract
Abstract
One of the most frequent subjects in the field of mystical literature is the soul. In mystical works, the soul is described with various interpretations and titles, most of which are symbolic. This research seeks to reach the point that What symbols did Attar Neyshabouri use for soul in his ...
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Abstract
One of the most frequent subjects in the field of mystical literature is the soul. In mystical works, the soul is described with various interpretations and titles, most of which are symbolic. This research seeks to reach the point that What symbols did Attar Neyshabouri use for soul in his poems (Elahinameh, Asrarnameh,Mantigh Al-Tair, Poetry Divan, Mosibatnameh and Mukhtarnameh) And under what titles he described it.This research is based on studying all six effects Attar's poems and selecting poetic evidence In a descriptive and analytical way studied the symbols related to the soul in all his poetic works. Examination of these poems shows that In expressing these concepts, Attar used new symbols that were not common before him. Animal symbols As well as negative historical-mythical characters, It has had the most appearance in relation to the subject of the soul.
Keywords: Fridaldin Attar Neyshabouri, Symbol of the soul, Attar's poetic works.
Research Paper
Qolamreza salimi; zahra Rafie
Abstract
Al-Tafasil is one of the most famous works of contemporary humor.Which conveys critical-political concepts to the audience through parody.This book, unlike other works in this field, which usually have a specific expiration date, is still interesting and engaging. It seems that most of the beauties of ...
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Al-Tafasil is one of the most famous works of contemporary humor.Which conveys critical-political concepts to the audience through parody.This book, unlike other works in this field, which usually have a specific expiration date, is still interesting and engaging. It seems that most of the beauties of this work are related to its language.According to most critics, the language of Al-Tafasil is strongly influenced by the language of Golestlen Saadi.From a linguistic point of view, the aesthetics of Saadi's language is a pleasant combination of the external and internal beauties of the language.The question is: What has Tavalali used to convey the beauties of Saadi's language in conveying political-critical concepts that his humor is still attractive? This article has studied the linguistic elements in Al-Tafsil by combining structuralist linguistics and role-oriented linguistics and using descriptive-analytical method. The results indicate that Tavalali did not understand the inner beauties of Saadi's language in creating Al-Tafasil and therefore could not use its features, but he understood Golestan Saadi's outer aesthetics well and used it to create the beauties of the language his book.The most important manifestations of this type of aesthetics can be found in language games, the use of elements of rhetoric, rhetorical and semantic novelty
Research Paper
shirin amini; vahid mobarak; mehdi sharifian
Abstract
Symbolism is a major trend in contemporary Iranian poetry. Knowledge of a poet’s literary identity provides valuable insights into his or her style. Decoding the symbols in a poem could shed light on the poet’s mental semantic network. Symbolism has manifested itself in mystic and spiritual ...
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Symbolism is a major trend in contemporary Iranian poetry. Knowledge of a poet’s literary identity provides valuable insights into his or her style. Decoding the symbols in a poem could shed light on the poet’s mental semantic network. Symbolism has manifested itself in mystic and spiritual contexts in the works of some post-Revolution poets. Fazel Nazari is an Iranian poet who gained considerable popularity in the 2000s. His poems are imbued with mystic, moral, and social ideas and the only poetic form in his works is ghazal. As other modern ghazal-composers, he uses colloquial tone and revitalizes archaic words, expressions, and symbols but his works are ideologically different from the neoclassical tradition. He tries to convey spiritual ideas and stimulate the audience to search for the truth in an innovative, artistic manner. This paper attempts to answer the following questions: Does Nazari make extensive use of symbolism in his poems? What is the thematic orientation of his symbolic language? What are the hackneyed, innovative, and other types of mystic symbols in his works? And how does symbolism evolve in his books Gerye-haaye Emperaatoor (The Emperor’s Tears), Aghaliyyat (Minority), Aanha (They), Zed (Against), and Ketaab (Book). Our findings suggest that he makes use of official Sufi symbols (26%) and other symbolic words and expressions (74%). The symbols belong to several semantic domains including religion (32%), nature (26%), objects (15%), wine drinking (12%), animals (9%) and parts of body (6%). Symbolism is highest in "Zed" (22%) and lowest in "Ketaab" (18%).
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Mohammad Ibrahim Maalmir; Fateme Hooshangi
Abstract
In his innovative theory, Russian folklorist Vladimir Propp examined the morphology of Russian fairy tales. Based on the classification of the stories, which was mostly based on the content and theme of these stories, he based his classification on the form and structure of these stories. He took the ...
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In his innovative theory, Russian folklorist Vladimir Propp examined the morphology of Russian fairy tales. Based on the classification of the stories, which was mostly based on the content and theme of these stories, he based his classification on the form and structure of these stories. He took the first step in realizing his hypothesis and identified the fixed and variable elements of the stories.
This article examines and analyzes the morphology of the story of a mouse and a cat-like cat, which consists of nested stories and several layers, so that this story is composed of a total of 34 sub-stories. This research is based on descriptive library research methods and content analysis and hermeneutics methods, and attempts have been made to analyze self-analysis and determine their frequency and comparative comparison based on the principles of Vladimir Propp's morphology. Be.
The result suggests that there is a strong intertextual relationship between these stories. Of the thirty-five anecdotes in this work, in addition to Propp's 31 autobiographies, seven autobiographies are discussed for the first time in this article. These include escapism, gossip, commitment, threats, concealment, betting, and rejection.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Alireza Hajiannezhad; mona babaee
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to explain the existence of systematics in Eyn-al-Quzat’s Tamhidat and the Letters in the metaphorical conceptualization of knowledge based on visual perceptions. To achieve this goal, the authors have used the theoretical framework of conceptual metaphor. The research ...
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The aim of the present study is to explain the existence of systematics in Eyn-al-Quzat’s Tamhidat and the Letters in the metaphorical conceptualization of knowledge based on visual perceptions. To achieve this goal, the authors have used the theoretical framework of conceptual metaphor. The research claims that there is a compatibility between knowing is seeing metaphor, and that there is a set of concepts related to the field of knowledge. Also, based on the conceptual metaphor of knowing is seeing it has been examined that how the adaptation of the terms connected with the knowledge area including heart observation, light, Mohammed’s light and the Eblis’s black light with sight sense. Other findings of the study indicate that in the intellectual system of Eyn-al-Quzat the central issue of light and darkness and conceptual metaphors underlying it is consistent with the basic metaphor of knowing is seeing and the conceptualization of knowledge is consistent with visual perceptions.
Research Paper
Kheironnesa Mohammadpour
Abstract
A By Studying the language of a work, its literary type can be understood; Therefore, the language and tone of literary works play a central role. Epic language is also the result of a choice of weights and rhymes, words, compositions, novel arrays and imaginary forms that are appropriate for this type ...
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A By Studying the language of a work, its literary type can be understood; Therefore, the language and tone of literary works play a central role. Epic language is also the result of a choice of weights and rhymes, words, compositions, novel arrays and imaginary forms that are appropriate for this type of literature. Since the literary type of the poems is epic, so this study is dedicated to the study of epic language in the Qajar radial poem, and since this poem is a religious epic, the effective factors in the religious atmosphere of this poem will be addressed. . The present research is of documentary type and has been done using descriptive-analytical method. The aim of the author is to know the linguistic features of this system and to understand the connection between epic language and this type of literature. The results of the research show that the selection of effective weights in the epic tone, the use of war and epic words and combinations, the use of imaginary forms such as metaphors, metaphors and exaggerated exaggerations, novel industries such as puns, repetition and observance, equating characters with Shahnameh characters in creation Original and fresh images and the creation of epic tone and language have played a key role.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Naser Nikobakht; niloofar ansari
Abstract
Abstract
Memoirs and memoirs are one of the ways to know more about the events of contemporary Iranian history and in the history of Persian literature, many poets and writers have always used many of these literary genres to express their thoughts and ideas. Ali Esfandiari, Nimayoshij, is one of the ...
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Abstract
Memoirs and memoirs are one of the ways to know more about the events of contemporary Iranian history and in the history of Persian literature, many poets and writers have always used many of these literary genres to express their thoughts and ideas. Ali Esfandiari, Nimayoshij, is one of the poets whose poems have been included in literary memoirs. This article intends to examine some of the content features of Nimayoshij by examining his works.
The achievements of the research show the initiative and independence of Nimayoshij in the artistic, literary and content structure of memoirs. This social poet has been able to start a new way in memoir writing with his imagination. Nima's memoirs and autobiography are the result of the poet's new view of the world and existence, in a way that depicts the pains and humiliating lives of the people, the bitterness and endless failures of the government. These pains and sufferings are sometimes accompanied by despair, despair, loneliness and sometimes optimism, hope for revolution and fundamental change in the structure of government. Society and related issues are not the most important themes of Nima's poetry memoirs. Nima is a poet aware of the pain of his time and society and has a worthy mission and commitment to poetry. Most of Nima's works are about the tyrannical society, the suffering of the oppressed people of his time. In general, Nima's poetic memoirs are full of images such as pain, poverty, suffering and social injustices.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Monire Mahfoozi moosavi; Mansoureh Tadayoni; sima mansoori; masoud pakdel
Abstract
This study intends to reflect violence against women from the perspective of Attar Neyshabouri by Using a descriptive-analytical method. It is assumed that modern man can overcome his problems by following Attar's educational guidelines.The most important purpose of the research is to identify cases ...
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This study intends to reflect violence against women from the perspective of Attar Neyshabouri by Using a descriptive-analytical method. It is assumed that modern man can overcome his problems by following Attar's educational guidelines.The most important purpose of the research is to identify cases of violence against women in the theories of elahy nameh. This research is descriptive-analytical and interpretive. Attar's attention to violence against women and its reflection in the elahy nameh shows that there were violence against women in Attar's time. Study results show that violence against women is not confined to the poor community but also applies to the court of kings. Violence in elahy nameh is in two areas: public (community) and private (family) and it is openly and covertly used in four types: physical, sexual, psychological and economic. Finally, Weak judicial foundations in society and government exacerbate oppression and violence against womendifferences and social customs and tradittions. Attar was at odds with class Attar says that If the conditions and grounds are provided, women will reach the degrees of perfection more and sooner than men. He considers Prejudice against sisters and wives as an obstacle to their progress.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
jafar fasaei; Najmeh Dorri
Abstract
Outside the boundaries of academic atmosphere, Persian literature has stood the test of time in contemporary thoughts, social and political movements, and among people as well. In fact, literary studies in this setting denotes understanding the role and performance of literature in historical vicissitudes. ...
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Outside the boundaries of academic atmosphere, Persian literature has stood the test of time in contemporary thoughts, social and political movements, and among people as well. In fact, literary studies in this setting denotes understanding the role and performance of literature in historical vicissitudes. Accordingly, thoughts and poems of Molana Jalal al Din Moahammad Balkhi in Morteza Motahari’s works are tracked and analyzed. The works that corresponded to content analysis are actually pieces that do not connote a common link with literature at first sight. However, in-depth analysis shows the significance of literature, specifically thoughts and poems of Molana. Meanwhile, the results show that Shahid Motahari has reinforced some of his views by basing them on Masnavi’s pieces and structural aspects of these poems and, in the light of such works he has weakened the discourse of his counterparts. Hence, by rebuilding Motahari’s opinion on Molana, the status of thoughts and poems by this iconic figure in Persian literature in Motahari’s point of view, and consequently the unique value and performance of this view in one of the most important sociopolitical movements of the contemporary era has been discussed.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
HADIS Hatami
Abstract
There are various methods for criticizing a work of art that critics use to critique and analyze works of art and literature. Today most critics have focused on the outside world of the author the work itself as well as the author's influence on the story. This study seeks to examine the findings ...
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There are various methods for criticizing a work of art that critics use to critique and analyze works of art and literature. Today most critics have focused on the outside world of the author the work itself as well as the author's influence on the story. This study seeks to examine the findings of psychological studies on the collective subconscious mind and the use of its contents and possibilities in the creation of a work of art; Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to answer the question: what role did the factors and elements belonging to the subconscious mind play in literariness or in giving literary status to "Daa" and "Kaleydar"? This research has been done by documentary analysis method and descriptive analytical method. The result shows that not every text with any level can provide the appropriate context and conditions for playing the role of archetypes and myths. Texts that are only the product of the intellect and the five senses cannot go beyond reason; However, the freer the sense and imagination, the more literary and mythologically rich the text.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Alireza Shabanloo
Abstract
Olfati Ibn-e- Hosseini Savaji is a Shiite poet of the 11th century AH in the court of Abdullah Qutbshah, who wrote poems in his praise and wrote two books for him, "Riyadh al-Sana'i Qutbshahi" and "Fragrances of Golshan Qutbshahi". Most biographers have considered the Ravayeh-e- ...
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Olfati Ibn-e- Hosseini Savaji is a Shiite poet of the 11th century AH in the court of Abdullah Qutbshah, who wrote poems in his praise and wrote two books for him, "Riyadh al-Sana'i Qutbshahi" and "Fragrances of Golshan Qutbshahi". Most biographers have considered the Ravayeh-e- Golshan-e- Qutbshahi to be from Olfati Yazdi, while according to historical evidence and style, it is from the works of Olfati Savaji and its attribution to Olfati Yazdi is incorrect. Ravayeh-e- Golshan is a short book containing an introduction and seven sections and a conclusion, which was written in 1051 with the prose mixed with poetry in the style of artificial and technical texts describing Abdullah Qutbshah and introducing the royal palaces and famous celebrations and beauties of Hyderabad. Olfati has focused his efforts on the phonetic balance of the text and the rhythm of the sentences. Therefore, using embellishments such as riming process and pun in the whole effect is impressive.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Ebrahim Khodayar; Atefeh Salarvand
Abstract
In historical texts, one can find traces of historical characters who are close to the heroes of romances in terms of actions and personality traits. The authors of these texts have made every effort to show these events real. One of these personalities is Jalal al-Din Khwarazmshah. 'Battle of Indus' ...
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In historical texts, one can find traces of historical characters who are close to the heroes of romances in terms of actions and personality traits. The authors of these texts have made every effort to show these events real. One of these personalities is Jalal al-Din Khwarazmshah. 'Battle of Indus' has been narrated in the life of this hero in very different historiographical and literary texts. The literary narratives of this event are formed from within the historiographical texts. The purpose of the authors of this study is to compare the narratives of historiographical and literary texts from the seventh century to the contemporary period in expressing the event of the 'Battle of Indus' in the context of narratological studies. According to the results of the research, among the narrations, Ibn al- Athir's work is closer to reality due to the believability and logic of the narrations and the neutrality of the historian, but the narrations of Nasawi and Juvayni are more literary due to less believable and contradictions in the narrations And in some of these narrations, Jalal al-Din is similar to the hero of the romances; These narratives have become the main reference for writers and poets of later periods to create poems and historical novels.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Seyed Morteza Mirhashemi; Akbar Garavand; yosofAli Beiranvand
Abstract
Comparative literature is one of the sciences that enables us to better understand the secrets and mysteries of literary works. Nezami is one of the great poets who has had a direct and indirect impact on the minds and language of many Persian poets. The story of the black cloth king of Haft Peikar of ...
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Comparative literature is one of the sciences that enables us to better understand the secrets and mysteries of literary works. Nezami is one of the great poets who has had a direct and indirect impact on the minds and language of many Persian poets. The story of the black cloth king of Haft Peikar of Nezami is one of the mysterious narrations that has many similarities with the story of Daqhooghi in the Masnavi Ma'navi. In this paper, the aim was to study and compare the common elements of these two stories by qualitative comparative analysis. After study and compare the two stories, it was concluded that the characters of the black cloth king and Daqhooghi, as well as Torktaz and Haft Mardan are very similar, which we compared and analyzed them in eight elements: 1- The hero's honesty, 2- Pursuing something, 3- Mysterious place of intuition, 4- Mystery of achieving the goal, 5- Discourtesy, 6- Be kind to hero, 7- Forbidden work, 8- Be disappear. In these elements, there are many similarities between the characters of the two stories.
Research Paper
ali asmand goonegani
Abstract
Abstract
In ancient times, there was always a significant connection between political principles and values and religious ideas. Among these, the first principle is the interaction and confrontation between religion and governance, which is one of the important pillars of the political structure of ...
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Abstract
In ancient times, there was always a significant connection between political principles and values and religious ideas. Among these, the first principle is the interaction and confrontation between religion and governance, which is one of the important pillars of the political structure of ancient Iran, citing Ferdowsi's epic, and has been addressed in literary texts. In the days of the power of the kings of ancient Iran, the relationship between the two was sometimes accompanied by interaction and sometimes by confrontation. During the contents of Shahnameh, many references have been made to this issue. In this article, we have tried to analyze the cases of interaction and confrontation between these two variables from the perspective of Ferdowsi Shahnameh, to count the cases and their reasons from the text of Shahnameh Ehsa and to analyze how these confrontations have affected the system of governance. This research has been done by analytical-descriptive method and the structure of the institution of government and religion has been categorized according to each period, then each of the two variables has been analyzed with evidence. In addition to this research, we have found that in many cases, the confrontation between the two has led to important results and as Farreh Izadi is a sign of a deep relationship between government and religion, the confrontation between the two has led to the destruction of political structure and social system.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Jalil Shakeri; Roohollah Roozbeh; Delaram Modara
Abstract
Analyzing the relationship between world literary texts comparatively can double the pleasure of reading these works. Meanwhile, the lyrical poem “Hosseina and Delaram”, by Hosseina, and Othello by Shakespeare, have many striking similarities, despite the differences in literary genre and ...
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Analyzing the relationship between world literary texts comparatively can double the pleasure of reading these works. Meanwhile, the lyrical poem “Hosseina and Delaram”, by Hosseina, and Othello by Shakespeare, have many striking similarities, despite the differences in literary genre and cultural origin. Thus, the aim is to discover the interconnectedness of two literary works. The research method is a descriptive analysis based on the comparative American school, which compares the similarities and differences of these works. The results show that the similar themes of lovers' love and rival jealousy, their linear structure, the dual correspondences of the main characters and the similar dramatic actions of the characters are common similarities between them, and the lovers’ suspicion towards the beloved predominates in both. Their difference is that Othello remains in the emotion arena due to jealousy and kills her; but Hosseina, by passing through the stage of emotion, enters the reason arena and achieves the union of the beloved.
Research Paper
Review of literary texts
Mahmonir Shirazi; Maryam Hoseini
Abstract
The story of Amir Arsalan is one of the popular stories of Iranian literature in the Qajar period. This article tries to analyze the hidden and obvious cultural and identity structures by comparing the text and image, recovering the cultural roots, introduces and studies its appearance in the lithographed ...
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The story of Amir Arsalan is one of the popular stories of Iranian literature in the Qajar period. This article tries to analyze the hidden and obvious cultural and identity structures by comparing the text and image, recovering the cultural roots, introduces and studies its appearance in the lithographed manuscript of 1317 Hijri. The story of Amir Arsalan is one of the most famous romance long stories. Amir Arsalan was written in the middle of the Qajar period and some features of traditional and ancient Iranian stories and some features of novels and modern novels can be retrieved. This features is also evident in the lithographed images of the book. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical with a historical approach and the method of collecting information is library method. The results show that due to the existence of multiple identities in the culture and society of the Qajar period, multiple layers of identity in the literature and art of this period can be retrieved. Therefore, in the story of the Amir Arsalan, there are three identity layers: the Western identity layer is on the first level, the traditional Iranian-Islamic identity layer is on the second level and the Archaism identity layer is on the lower or weaker level in the literary and visual identities.
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