An Analysis of the Need for Self-Actualization in the Characters of 19 Selected Children's Stories Based on Erich Fromm's Perspective

Psychologists assert that human beings possess fundamental psychological needs, one of which—according to Erich Fromm—is the need for self-actualization. This intrinsic drive distinguishes humans from other animals and, when pursued constructively and creatively, fosters personal growth and productivity. Children's literature, particularly storybooks, plays a vital role in nurturing this aspect of development in young readers.

This study examines 19 award-winning children's stories to explore how their characters respond to the need for self-actualization. The analysis encompasses both main and secondary characters, evaluating whether their responses lead to constructive or destructive outcomes.

Findings reveal that in 16 of these stories, characters’ efforts to achieve self-actualization result in personal growth, creativity, and positive transformation—both within themselves and their surroundings. In most cases, the protagonists take on constructive roles, while opposing secondary characters serve as obstacles. Conversely, in the remaining three stories, both primary and secondary characters exhibit destructive responses to the same need, although some ultimately strive to amend their actions.