Department of Persian Literature - Birjand University
10.22054/ltr.2025.81777.3906
Abstract
Molamma', which refers to bilingual poetry, has been an integral part of Persian poetry since its inception. Poets, spanning from the earliest periods of Persian literature to the contemporary era, have exhibited an enduring fascination with the art of composing bilingual verses. In this research, we compile Persian-Arabic bilingual verses, with a specific focus on those from the recent decades, particularly the 1980s and 1990s in the Solar Hijri calendar. Our approach is inductive, employing a descriptive-analytical methodology to explore the linguistic dimensions of these verses and their relationship with the rich tapestry of Iranian poetic tradition. We have intentionally excluded ritual poetry from our study, given its direct and inherent connection with religious texts. Contemporary bilingual poetry has encountered a series of challenges in recent times, stemming from various factors. Nevertheless, a cohort of young poets, especially during the aforementioned decades, embraced it as a compelling literary technique. Their experimentation predominantly unfolded within the framework of the ghazal genre, wherein they deftly incorporated Arabic phrases that resonated with Iranian readers. These poets primarily operated within the realm of ghazal, immersing themselves in poetic exploration. Through the adept use of Arabic sentences, which enjoy widespread recognition among the Iranian audience, they skillfully adorned their verses in the distinctive style of molamma’. In contrast to classical Persian bilingual poetry, contemporary manifestations exhibit a deeper connection to our religious texts and mystical traditions, rather than drawing substantial influence from Arabic literature.
azizi, M. (2025). Crafting Molamma’ in Contemporary Persian Poetry (with an Emphasis on the Ghazal Poetry of the 1980s and 1990s). Literary Text Research, (), -. doi: 10.22054/ltr.2025.81777.3906
MLA
azizi, M. . "Crafting Molamma’ in Contemporary Persian Poetry (with an Emphasis on the Ghazal Poetry of the 1980s and 1990s)", Literary Text Research, , , 2025, -. doi: 10.22054/ltr.2025.81777.3906
HARVARD
azizi, M. (2025). 'Crafting Molamma’ in Contemporary Persian Poetry (with an Emphasis on the Ghazal Poetry of the 1980s and 1990s)', Literary Text Research, (), pp. -. doi: 10.22054/ltr.2025.81777.3906
CHICAGO
M. azizi, "Crafting Molamma’ in Contemporary Persian Poetry (with an Emphasis on the Ghazal Poetry of the 1980s and 1990s)," Literary Text Research, (2025): -, doi: 10.22054/ltr.2025.81777.3906
VANCOUVER
azizi, M. Crafting Molamma’ in Contemporary Persian Poetry (with an Emphasis on the Ghazal Poetry of the 1980s and 1990s). Literary Text Research, 2025; (): -. doi: 10.22054/ltr.2025.81777.3906
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