The Leipzig School of Translation
farzaneh
farahzadi
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
The present article is a brief account of the contributions of the Leipzig School to translation studies, focusing on their categorization of equivalence types. It concludes that their approach was designed to solve the problems of translating technical texts, and can therefore be used in dealing with terminology
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
1
8
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6272_34bd9aadd361b4ddc3dd48961081174d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6272
Lexical Norms in the Discourse of Young Girls
shadi
shahnaseri
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
Most of the studies are indicative of the fact that native speakers of any Language make use of different variations of Language on the basis of their gender. This paper is intended to probe into the Linguistic variations of the young girls on the basis of socio-cultural framework.
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
9
26
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6273_2f58756fd4b1e8add8c7caa5dee47788.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6273
Web-based Language Testing
pourya
baghai moghadam
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
Now-a-days the international testing for a is, increasingly taking into consideration the " web-based Language Testing. For this reason, in the recent conferences on Language Testing Research Colloquium (LTRC), internet language testing has been the topic of a large number of papers and reports. Today, in such universities as UCLA and Hawaii, this has become the focal point of the researches conducted by the language teaching scholars and the applied linguists. The aim of the present paper is to introduce this mounting trend to the Iranian university professors and students, for as it appears the classes of the third millenium will no longer be similar to those of the conventional ones; and thus familiarization with these computerized, interactive courses will be a must.
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
27
39
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6274_1cc38c8cedcda240a6b806714ffcebc1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6274
Optimality Theory
mohammad
dabir moghadam
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
This article introduces the Optimality theory (=OT). OT has been an influential development within generative linguistics since early nineties . Although OT was initially developed as a phonological theory, it soon received acceptance in morphology and syntax. A number of generative linguists interested in functional explanations have also welcomed OT. The theory is considered to be beneficial for interdisciplinary studies as well. This article describes the emergence of OT within the perspective of the developments in linguistics
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
40
52
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6275_d92193816f518faa5b7262a5bf27ec0b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6275
A Critical Approach to English Translations of Imam Ali's Instructions to Malik al-Ashtar
salar
manafi anari
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
Nahjul-Balaghah, Peak of Eloquence, ranks amongst the great literary masterpieces of mankind in both its informa• tive content and splendid style. Linguistically speaking , its delicate expressions and blossoming statements contain great ideas uttered in elaborately decorated wonders of elo• quence and rhetorics. Such wonderful utterances throw light on Imam Ali's great knowledge of God , man and the world, as well as his superiority in rhetorics. Imam Ali's letter to Malik al-Ashtar in Nahjul• Balaghah embraces a long set of instructions concerning government and the role of the ruler in the society from Is• lamic point of view. Although these instructions were writ• ten about fourteen centuries ago, they are so comprehensive and upright that in any age they can be considered as guidelines guiding the rulers how to rule over the people. The aim of this article is to have a critical approach to Eng• lish translations of these instructions in order to find out to what extent the translators have been successful in transfer• ring into English those enlightening ideas in the splendid original Arabic text.
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
1
20
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6414_2ebbd4df3b74e62c5e2aa50e25fa89d0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6414
The Interdependence between the Process and the Product of Reading in English and Persian
parviz
birjandi
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
The aim of the present research was twofold. First, to investigate whether Persian reading skills contribute differentially to English reading performance depending upon amount of exposure to the second language. And second, to investigate the extent to which Persian readers use similar comprehension strategies when· reading in LI and L2 at the three proficiency levels. To answer the questions, 240 Iranian EFL undergraduate students at the Islamic Azad University in Ghaemshahr were randomly selected. First, the TOEFL was administered in order to assign the participants into the three proficiency levels. For measuring L2 reading ability, three English reading cloze tests and for measuring LI reading ability three Persian cloze tests were used at the three levels. Three English and three Persian reading strategy questionnaires were administered to the subjects immediately after each cloze test. As for the first question, correlational analysis showed that the contribution of first language reading ability to second language reading ability changes significantly depending on the amount of second language exposure. Asfor the second question, one-way ANOV A showed a significant difference in the employment of English reading strategies across the three proficiency levels
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
21
41
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6415_27429c10f623a47a5574c0fa9dbed804.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6415
An Analysis of the Relationship between Test Method, Personality Type, and Gender: A Case of the Iranian EFL Learners
parviz
birjandi
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
ghodrat
rostamlou
دانشجوی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
During the last few decades of the twentieth century, many research studies have been carried out in order to delve into the construct-irrelevant factors affecting language test performance of EFL/ESL learners. In line with this orientation and on the basis of some relevant assumptions made by scholars like Bachman (1990), Shohamy et al. ( 1993), Bachman et al, ( 1996), etc. , the study reported here was designed to examine the impact of test method, personality type and gender on the Iranian EFL learner's test performance and analyze the probable patterns of interaction between these variables in order to suggest appropriate test methods for different personality types and the two sexes and consequently maximize validity and minimize biasedness in language testing. To fulfill the above-mentioned objective, a group of 125 Iranian EFL learners were asked to take three language measures exclusively developed for the present study (a multiple-choice test, an open-ended test and a cloze test ), an oral interview and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire.Concerning test method effect, we could conclude that this variable per se does not significantly affect the Iranian EFL learners' test performance. Likewise, neuroticism was not found to be a significant factor in this respect. However, our data analysis results revealed that extroversion and sex positively affect the subject's test performance and psychoticism negatively do so. With regard to the relationship between the above mentioned variables, it was found that test method is significantly related neither to personality type nor to sex. We also could not find any interaction effect between personality type and sex in relation to different test methods.
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
42
74
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6416_13ecec3690867fbcd88c6004d2ed4c23.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6416
HOW TO TEACH VOCABULARY: READING TO LEARN, LEARNING TO READ
behnoush
tayebi
هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد
author
text
article
2004
per
Research on second language reading has provided a number of insights into reading development and instruction. Building a large vocabulary is essential when learning to read in a second language. Simply put, people with large vocabularies are more proficient readers than those with limited vocabularies (Beglar & Hunt, 1995). Not so simply put, however, is how learners can best build a large vocabulary through reading. A review of the current literature on vocabulary acquisition reveals a spectrum of theoretical positions ranging from highly cognitive approaches that stress the memorization of decontextualized lists, to highly naturalistic approaches that stress implicit, contextualized learning. This paper will review pedagogical points from various theoretical positions, and combine them in a set of suggestions for teachers of English reading courses
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
75
99
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6417_6e0319e102f8110740ff24e218016376.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6417
Incorporating Strategy Training into Reading Instruction
mastane
haghani
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
The reading strategies employed by proficient readers during a reading process have long been under the scrutiny of researchers .They have come to this realization that reading ability will greatly be enhanced when learners adopt a wide range of reading strategies. Besides being invaluable tools for the learners, strategies are quite insightful as they can reveal to the teacher whether the students have deeply understood the new lesson or not. In order to help those readers who experience less success in their reading ability, teachers should implement appropriate reading strategies through various tasks. This paper discusses how strategy training can be employed in the classrooms and enumerates different strategy training activities based on a learner-centered approach, which can help learners gain fluency in the reading skill and become successful independent readers. It also emphasizes the significant role of teachers. If they do not explain, model or reinforce the strategies, the students do not learn to identify, practice, evaluate and transfer strategies to a new learning context and may not become aware that they are using strategies at all
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
100
134
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6418_af8b135322585b8d1b661d005b7f93c4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6418
The Study of Gender Differences in the Use of Linguistic Forms in the Speech of Iranian Men and Women: A Comparative Study of Persian and English
azadeh
ne'mati
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
mohammadreza
falahati
دانشجوی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
This research intended to determine whether English and Persian men and women were different with respect to the use of intensifiers, hedges and tag questions. To conduct the study, R. Lakoff's (1975) ideas concerning linguistic differences between males and females were taken into account. In order to gather the most natural-like data, 6 English and 8 Persian film• scripts with a family and social theme were randomly selected from amongst all the scenarios available in two libraries of Shiraz University. In all, 9280 utterances were studied. The data were then divided into four major groups: (1) cross sex, same culture, (2) same sex, cross culture, (3) cross sex, cross culture and (4) cross culture data. The results of the 21 Chi• squares computed showed no significant difference between the groups on the use of intensifiers, hedged and tag questions. The findings of the study strongly rejected Lakoff's opinionregarding gender-bound language at least in the three areas inspected in this research
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
135
152
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6419_6706a9c357eb169367c53776c455e17d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6419
why a critical pedagogy?
what is critical pedagogy?
akram
bahrami
هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباططبایی
author
text
article
2004
per
Literary Text Research
Allameh Tabataba’i University
2251-7138
7
v.
20
no.
2004
153
168
https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6420_357abe9afd32370581178c32d401a739.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22054/ltr.2004.6420